Week 5 Musculoskeletal

Question 1

Neurovascular assessment

Answer 1

Pulses: should be palpable and strong
Temperature: should be warm, not cool, to touch
Color: look for changes in pigmentation
Capillary refill: blood should return within 3 seconds
Sensation: assess for numbness or tinging of the extremity
Movement: the client should be able to move joints

Question 2

Casting nursing actions

Answer 2

Elevate cast above heart level during first 24- 48 hr to prevent swelling
Apply ice for first 24 hrs to decrease swelling
Turn and position the client every 2 hr so that dry air circulates around and under the cast for faster drying.

Question 3

Compartment syndrome

Answer 3

Compression of nerves, blood vessels, and muscle inside a confined place, resulting in neuromuscular ischemia.
Most commonly occurring in relation to tibial fractures or fractures involving forearm.

Question 4

Volkmann contracture

Answer 4

A permanent contracture of the forearm and hand

Question 5

Bryant traction

Answer 5

90 degree angle
Buttocks slightly off mattress

Question 6

Developmental dysplasia of hip (DDH) treatment

Answer 6

Pavlik harness
- may be removed 1 time during the day for 1 hour to inspect the skin
- 12 weeks of treatment

Question 7

Septic arthritis

Answer 7

Can develop after osteomyelitis
Osteomyelitis: infection of bone usually from tissues surrounding the area. Inflammation with redness

Question 8

Septic arthritis treatment

Answer 8

Prevent further damage to joint cartilage
Decompress fluid to improve circulation
Eradicate infection
Prevent spread of infection

Question 9

Ewing sarcoma treatment

Answer 9

Radiation and chemotherapy
Surgical resection of area with limb sparing techniques
Support family and child
Maintain nutrition

Question 10

Spica cast

Answer 10

Immobilizes thigh, hip, and pelvis
Position with pillows
Check toes for movement, color, and pulse
Waterproof lining with diaper