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Fall 2023 Integumentary > Week 5 Holistic > Flashcards

Week 5 Holistic Flashcards

1
Q

Water Deficiencies/Clinical Manifestations

A
  • dry skin, hair, mucous membranes
  • poor skin turgor
  • Increased heart rate and respiration
  • orthostatic hypotension
  • Confusion
  • Sunken Eyeballs
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2
Q

Protein Deficiencies/Clinical Manifestations

A
  • Dull Dry hair
  • pallor
  • Peripheral Edema
  • Pressure ulcers, especially multiple or repeated ulceration
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3
Q

Carbohydrates Deficiencies/Clinical Manifestations

A
  • Decline in body weight
  • Pallor
  • Extremely poor definition
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4
Q

Fats Deficiencies/Clinical Manifestations

A
  • Emaciated
  • Epidermal flaking
  • Fissuring of the skin
  • Large flakes of dandruff
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5
Q

Vitamin A Deficiencies/Clinical Manifestations

A
  • Night Blindness
  • Difficulty adapting to changes in light intensity
  • Scleral changes and dry eyes
    -Gingivitis
    -Pigment changes
    -Dry skin
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6
Q

Vitamin K Deficiencies/Clinical Manifestations

A
  • Petechiae
  • Wound bleeds readily
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7
Q

Vitamin C Deficiencies/Clinical Manifestations

A
  • Swollen gums that bleed readily
  • Transparent skin quality
  • Weakness
  • Delayed wound healing
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8
Q

Vitamin B complex Deficiencies/Clinical Manifestations

A
  • Pallor
  • pale eye membranes
  • Hyperpigmentation
  • Redness or swelling of the mouth
  • Mouth sores
  • Purple discoloration of the tongue with loss of villi
  • swollen gums that bleed readily
  • confusion
  • muscle cramps
  • Anemia
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9
Q

Vitamin E Deficiencies/Clinical Manifestations

A

NA

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10
Q

Zinc Deficiencies/Clinical Manifestations

A
  • decreased sense of taste
  • dull, dry, or thinning hair
  • Seborrhea like dryness and redness of the face
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11
Q

Iron Deficiencies/Clinical Manifestations

A
  • Pallor
  • Yellow discoloration of the skin
  • Soft spoon shaped nails
  • easily fatigued
  • dyspnea
  • anemia
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12
Q

Copper Deficiencies/Clinical Manifestations

A
  • Thinning hair
  • May have pigmentation changes
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13
Q

Magnesium Deficiencies/Clinical Manifestations

A
  • Dehydration
  • Neuronal Hyperexcitability
  • confusion
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14
Q

Calcium Deficiencies/Clinical Manifestations

A
  • Acute neuromuscular hyperexcitability; dysrhythmias
  • Skeletal deformities such as kyphoscoliosis
  • Idiopathic and compression fractures
  • Bone pain
  • Dry scaling skin and hair
  • Brittle nails
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15
Q

Phosphorus Deficiencies/Clinical Manifestations

A
  • Skeletal Deformities
  • Idiopathic fractures
  • Bone pain
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16
Q

Selenium Deficiencies/Clinical Manifestations

A
  • Decreased ability to fight infection
  • Muscle pain
  • muscle wasting
17
Q

Hematocrit Norms

A

W= 37-47%
M= 42-52%

18
Q

Hemoglobin Norms

A

W= 12-16mg/dL
M= 14-17 mg/dL

19
Q

WBC Norms

A

5.0-10.0 ^9/L

20
Q

Platelets Norms

A

140-400k/uL

21
Q

A1c Levels

A

Normal= <5.7% and <100mg/dL
Pre-diabetes= 5.7-6.4% and 100-125mg/dL
Diabetes= >6.55 and >125mg/dL

22
Q

Glucose norms

A

70-100mg/dL

23
Q

Water

A

water intake
- healthy= 30-35mL/kg of weight
- Open wounds= 2.7-3.7L/day
- Large surface burns= increase even more

  • dehydration can impair wound healing
  • increased risk of pressure injuries
24
Q

Protein

A
  • deficiencies impair all 3 phases of wound healing
  • deficiencies decrease collagen synthesis, remodeling + granulation formation
  • Can lose protein through wound drainage
    NITROGEN EXCRETED= INTAKE= BALANCE
25
Q

Carbohydrates

A
  • Power + repair + regenerate
  • Protein sparing effect= decrease in carbs = convert protein + fat into energy
26
Q

Fats

A
  • needed energy for all cells when carbs are depleted
  • Fat soluble vitamins= A,D,E,K
    -Fat is required for synthesis of new cells
27
Q

Vitamin A

A
  • for healthy skin + epithelial
  • Needed for collagen synthesis, granulation tissue, and epithelialization
  • Increases wounds tensile strength
28
Q

Vitamin C

A
  • Builds and maintain tissue
29
Q

Vitamin K

A
  • blood clotting
  • Deficiency can increase inflammatory phase
30
Q

Vitamin B

A
  • WBC function + fights infection

Coenzymes= B1 + B2 + Niacin for metabolism

Folate +B12= blood form + RBC form

31
Q

Vitamin E

A

Antioxidant
- Decreases inflammatory phase

32
Q

Zinc

A
  • Vital to cellular process
  • collagen and protein synthesis
  • cell proliferation
  • epithelialization
  • Normal immune function
33
Q

Iron

A
  • Essential for O2 transport
  • Antibody + immune function
  • anemia if deficient
34
Q

Copper

A
  • Needed for hemoglobin synthesis
  • needed to absorb iron + transport
  • increases tensile strength
35
Q

Magnesium

A

Needed for:
- bone formation
- Protein synthesis
- repair
Deficiency in magnesium can lead to hypertension + vasoconstriction

36
Q

Calcium

A
  • Needed for bone formation + remodel
  • needed for muscle contraction
  • needed for Fibrin synthesis = blood clotting ***
37
Q

Phosphorus

A
  • Controlled by kidneys
  • needed for normal metabolism and fluid balance
38
Q

Selenium

A
  • Needed for protein synthesis

Fall 2023 Integumentary (10 decks)

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