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Fall 2023 Integumentary > Week 13 Prevention > Flashcards

Week 13 Prevention Flashcards

1
Q

When supine what are the areas with the highest pressure

A
  1. Occiput
  2. shoulder blades
  3. Elbow
  4. Butt
  5. Heels
  6. Toes
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2
Q

When in side lying what are the areas with the highest pressure

A
  1. Ear
  2. shoulder
  3. Elbow
  4. Hip
  5. Thigh
  6. Heel
  7. Ankle
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3
Q

When in sitting what are the areas with the highest pressure

A
  1. Head
  2. Shoulders
  3. Sacrum
  4. Ischial tuberosities
  5. Heels
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4
Q

3 Main Points of positioning

A
  1. Spread/equalize pressure over a greater area so a bony prominence isn’t taking majority of the weight
  2. position in such a way that the bony prominences are not in contact with the support surfaces if at all possible
  3. Change positions regularly a minimum of every 2 hours if laying down if they are in a chair its every 15 minutes
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5
Q

How often should you position someone if they are dependent and need a support system

A

Every hour

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6
Q

A score of < 18 on the braden scale means

A

The patient is deemed at risk for pressure ulcers

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7
Q

What is the key to preventing wounds

A

Mobilization

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8
Q

What are the Diabetic/Neuropathic foot care guidelines

A
  1. Inspect feet daily
  2. Do not walk barefoot
  3. Do not soak feet
  4. Moisturize feet but not between toes
  5. Toenails cut straight across
  6. Seek medical attention if callus forming
  7. Control DM/Stop smoking
    - Patient education
    - Pressure relief for individuals with sensory deficits
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9
Q

How much time does it take for complete relief of pressure to restore oxygen levels

A

1-2 minutes of complete relief is required to restore oxygen levels to unloaded levels

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10
Q

To try and avoid/prevent Surgical complications what should you do previously with neuropathic/diabetic wounds

A
  1. ABI prior to distal extremity surgery
  2. Revascularization prior to surgery if needed
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11
Q

What factors should you consider when selecting a support surface

A
  1. Patient status
  2. Body structure
  3. Body weight
  4. Continence
  5. Risk for development
  6. Dependency/mobility
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12
Q

What are the patient needs to consider when selecting a support surface?

A
  1. Pressure redistribution
  2. Shear reduction
  3. Temperature control
  4. Moisture control
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13
Q

What is considered break down pressure ? : Basic

A

32mmHg

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14
Q

The pressure reducing/lower tissue interface pressure is between

A

23-32mmHg

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15
Q

What is the pressure relieving range

A

<23mmHg

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16
Q

What is a static surface

A

Foam/air
Foam/gel
Foam/water

17
Q

what is a dynamic surface

A
  • moves air through a mattress or has self-adjusting valves that maintains pressure within air cylinders
18
Q

Pressure Redistribution: Immersion

A
  • depth of penetration into a support surface
19
Q

Pressure Redistribution: envelopment

A
  • The support surface itself conforms to the body structure
20
Q

Surface Technology: Gel

A
  • If its cold it retains it and makes it more firm
  • doesn’t require a lot of maintenance
21
Q

Surface Technology: Foam

A
  • Different types
  • Can have different layers
  • Can be combined with air chambers
22
Q

Surface Technology: Fluid/air-filled bladders

A
  • Can be filled with air, water, polyvinyl, silicone, different fluids
  • Fluids move within the chambers in response to a patients movement
23
Q

What is the air fluidized feature of a support surface?

A
  • Taking air, gel, or sand and puff it up so that the person laying on it will have moisture wicked away and they are pretty much suspended on air,
  • It can puff up in certain areas to provide pressure relief
  • Patients with burns, gluteal skin grafts
24
Q

What is the low-air-loss feature of a support surface?

A
  • Pourus fabric to wick the heat and moisture down into the mattress and then a blower get the heat and moisture out to decrease risk of maceration
  • Certain parts of the bed can be set based on the patient
25
Q

What is alternating pressure feature of a support surface

A
  • Long cylinders of air filled compartments
  • These chambers can systematically inflate/deflate in opposite phases so it changes pressure
  • Helps patient move side to side
26
Q

T/F the support surface materials are good ways to replace position changes when medically clear

A

False
These materials and surfaces do not replace position changes when medically clear

27
Q
A

Fall 2023 Integumentary (10 decks)

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