Week 5 - Gierce lecture

Question 1

What’s a theory?

Answer 1

A prediction based on concepts, definitions, and propositions

Question 2

Types of Theories + definitions

Answer 2

• Process models: Specify steps in the process of translating research into practice.
• Determinant frameworks: Classes or domains of determinants that are hypothesized or have been found to influence implementation outcomes.
• Classic theories: Describe how change occurs without ambitions to actually carry out the change.
• Implementation theories: Developed and adapted by researchers for potential use in implementation science to achieve enhanced understanding and explanation of certain aspects of implementation.
• Evaluation frameworks: Provide a structure for evaluating implementation endeavours.

Question 3

Health Belief Model - definition and assumptions

Answer 3

• “the link between socialization and behaviour.”
• People are motivated to avoid harm and seek health
• People will engage in health behaviour if: they feel a negative health event can be avoided, they believe taking action will reduce their risk of a negative health event, they believe they are able to engage in the necessary actions

Question 4

Theory of Planned Behavior

- definitions and components

Answer 4

• Deliberate processing model – carefully consider available information
• Thoughts are specific to action, target, context, and time

Question 5

Social Cognitive Theory - assumptions

Answer 5

• People are both (1) actors on the environment and (2) products of the environment
• Human motivation and action are guided by forethought
• Powered by an individual’s self efficacy

Question 6

Self efficacy - definition, what is it? what is it not?

Answer 6

• Beliefs in one’s capacity to organise and execute the courses of action required to produce given attainments

Self efficacy is not: 
Unrealistic optimism
Self-esteem
Self-concept
Sense of control

Greater self efficacy is attained via:
Based on past experience → reasonable risk taking
Internal attribution – the person is the cause (responsibility)
Prospective – refers to future behaviours
Operative – thoughts refer to behaviour (positive self talk etc.)
Self efficacy + outcome expectancies = goals

Question 7

Self-Determination Theory - assumptions

Answer 7

• People are active, growth-driven organisms
• Growth takes place in a social context
• Psychological needs: autonomy, relatedness, competency
• It is not only how much motivation you have, but also what type of motivation (intrinsic/extrinsic)

Question 8

Autonomy =

Answer 8

Desire to be a causal agent; for actions to reflect one’s self

Question 9

Relatedness =

Answer 9

To control outcomes, To experience mastery

Question 10

Competency =

Answer 10

To interact with, be connected to, and experience caring for others

Question 11

Intrinsic motivation =

Answer 11

Doing an activity for satisfaction rather than consequence or reward
aka Self regulation

Question 12

Extrinsic motivation (types + definitions) =

Answer 12

• external regulation: For external reinforcement – gaining rewards, avoiding punishment
• Introjected regulation For internal reinforcement – e.g., avoid anxiety, boost self-esteem
• Identified regulation: Identified the personal value of the behaviour
• Integrated regulation: Behaviours are congruent with personal needs and values, but outcome-directed