Week 5 Cell Division, Genes and Inheritance Flashcards
Chromatin?
ch- material. Makes up chromosomes.
chromosomal
Chromosome?
D- and a- proteins
DNA
associated
Sister chromatids?
Pair of c- joined at the c-
chromatids
centromere
Homologous chromosomes?
T- copies of each chromosome. The copies are similar, but not i-
Two
identical
Chromatid?
C- of a chromosome f- by DNA r-
Copy
formed
replication
What is Transcription in Gene expression?
DNA acts as template for s- of R-
M- RNA is produced
synthesis
RNA
Messenger
What is Translation in Gene expression?
Ribosomes move along the RNA molecule and read the sequence of nucleotides
Cell division in Eukaryotes
Mitosis?
S- cells (b- cells)
G- & D-
Somatic
body
Growth
Development
What are the two main phases of the cell cycle?
I- & M- phase
Interphase
Mitotic
Whats part of the interphase?
G1 (f- gap) phase
S (s-) phase
G2 (s-) phase
first
synthesis
second
Whats part of the Mitotic phase?
M-: nuclear division
C-: division of c-
Mitosis
Cytokinesis
cytoplasm
What’s the resting phase?
Cell not dividing
Whats the Synthesis phase?
DNA replication to produce sister chromatids
What are the 2 stages of Mitosis?
Animals - Cleavage furrow forms between the two nuclei
Plants - Cell plate forms between the two nuclei
Physical differences of Cytokinesis in Plants?
Lack c- and c-
Spindle is barrel shaped
centrosomes
centrioles
What does RNA stand for?
Ribonucleic acid (RNA) is a polymeric molecule essential in various biological roles in coding, decoding, regulation and expression of genes
Meiosis?
Meiosis is a special type of cell d- that reduces the c- number by half, creating four h- cells,
Division
Chromosome
Haploid
Mitosis?
mitosis is a part of the cell cycle when replicated chromosomes are separated into two new nuclei.
Cell division in Eukaryotes
Meiosis?
G- (sex cells)
R-
G- (sex cells)
Reproduction
Link between DNA and inheritance?
One chromosome is inherited from the mother, and one is inherited from the father. These are long threads of DNA, which are made up of many genes.
