Week 5 basic Pharm

Question 1

Drug:
Medication:

Answer 1

Foreign to body
for medicinal purposes

Question 2

Chemical name:
Generic name:
Official name:
Brand name:

Answer 2

=least common EX 7-chlor-1-3dihydro….
=directly manufactured EX Ibuprofen (captialized)
=name registered listed with USP EX Diazepam, USP
=name by company followed by trademark/propriety EX motrin advil

Question 3

Medication profile components:

Answer 3

Names, class, Pharmacodynamics, Pharmacokinetics, contra/indications, admin/ routes, dose & how carried, adverse effects (unintended effects, untoward effects), special considerations,

Question 4

Where meds come from:

Answer 4

plants, animals, minerals, synthetic (lab-made),

Question 5

Nightshade plant

Answer 5

Atropine

Question 6

Foxglove plant

Answer 6

Digoxin

Question 7

Harrison narcotic act (1914)

Answer 7

“Hell Nah” aimed a controlling the importation, manufacture, & sale of opium & coca plant & its derivatives

Question 8

FDA & cosmetic act (1938)

Answer 8

truth-in-labeling cause→ state whether the prep contains habit-forming drugs and its%

Question 9

Durham-Humphrey amendments (1951)

Answer 9

“DR” Requires pharmacists to have either a prescription for certain meds

Question 10

Kufauver-Harris amendment (1962)

Answer 10

amendment to FDA & C, → mandates pharmaceutical manufacturers to list complications

Question 11

Drug abuse (1970)

Answer 11

classifies the drugs used in medicine into 5 different schedules

Question 12

Schedule 1 med:
Schedule 2 med:
Schedule 3 med:
Schedule 4 med:
Schedule 5 med:

Answer 12

=never give, highest abuse potential
=high abuse may have dependence w/ med ind/s (codeine, morphine)
=less abuse potential low dependence (acetaminophen)
=low abuse potential = benzos (diazepam, lorazepam
=lowest abuse potential w/ lil bits of opioids often for cough/ diarrhea

Question 13

Phase 1 med study
Phase 2 med study
Phase 3 med study
Phase 4 med study

Answer 13

=meds/ pharmacokinetics, toxicity, safe dose (therapeutic dose)
=tested on limited population
=refined therapeutic dose; collects data on side effects
= post-marketing analysis during conditional approval

Question 14

FDA pregnancy category A:
FDA pregnancy category B:
FDA pregnancy category C:

FDA pregnancy category D:
FDA pregnancy category X:

Answer 14

= studied a lot and had not showed harmful effects to fetus/mom
=animals studies not showed harmful effects but not humans
=animals studies maybe problem w/ no studies on preg/ mother or no good studies on animals/pregnant
= fetal risks have been demonstrated benefits could outweigh risks
=fetal risk demonstrated risk outweighs possible benefits to mother

Question 15

Pharmacokinetics:
Pharmacodynamics:

Answer 15

=how body works to med
=how med works to med

Question 16

bioavailability:
Distribution:

Answer 16

= how much the body breaks down the dose
= once med enters bloodstream it muse be moved throughout your body

Question 17

Biotransformation

Answer 17

METABOLISM→ liver #1 ⅔ filter → means of body filtering medication

Question 18

Prodrug

Answer 18

body has to break drug down for med to work as intended EX aspirin

Question 19

Opiate receptors

Answer 19

stops chemoreceptors causing respiratory depressed

Question 20

Idiosyncrasy

Answer 20

individual reaction is unusually different from what is commonly seen

Question 21

Tachyphylaxis

Answer 21

rapid occurring tolerance to a medication

Question 22

Cumulative effect

Answer 22

when med admin/ in several doses causing in increased effect, this is due to a quantitative buildup of the drug in the blood

Question 23

Competitive antagonist

Answer 23

EX narcan→ finds, and fights for the receptor spot

Question 24

Non-competitive antagonist

Answer 24

won’t fight for receptor spot

Question 25

Irreversible antagonist

Answer 25

misshapes cell to where receptor can’t bind from damage/misshaping

Question 26

Medication antagonism

Answer 26

effects of one med blocks the response to another drug

Question 27

Summation

Answer 27

2 meds that enhance eachother

Question 28

Synergism

Answer 28

2 meds are admin/ together that produces a greater response (“1+1=5”)

Question 29

Potentiation

Answer 29

occurs when med enhances effects of another (promethazine + morphine)

Question 30

Interference

Answer 30

med directly effects the pharmacology of another “football” EX: non-selective beta blocker w/ albuterol so asthma worsts

Question 31

Common neurotransmitters:

Answer 31

norepinephrine: Fight or flight & sympathetic response
Epinephrine: fight or flight
acetylcholine= rest digest → parasympathetic response
GABA= main inhibitory neurotransmitter
Glutamate= main excitatory neurotransmitter
Dopamine= pleasure & reward neurotransmitter
Serotonin= mood and helps w/ sleep & digestive regulation

Question 32

Sympathetic L

Answer 32

Thoratic & Lumbar

Question 33

Parasympathetic L

Answer 33

Cranial & Sacral