Week 5: ATP, anaerobic metabolism, glycolysis and high intensity sports

Question 1

Getting glucose into cells

Answer 1

There are 5 different types of glucose transporter
GLUT-4C is stimulated by inulin present in muscle and adipose tissue
GLUT-2 is not simulated by insulin: present in liver (which needs to export glucose in fasting when insulin low)
Types of food we eat dictates use

Question 2

ATP synthesis anaerobic pathways

Answer 2

Phosphocreatine degradation
ADP + PCr + H+ ➙ ATP + Cr

Adenylate kinase reaction  	
2ADP ➙ ATP + AMP

Anaerobic glycolysis 		
Glycogen + 3ADP ➙ 2 lactate +2H+ 3ATP

Question 3

Glycolysis

Answer 3

Priming phase- ATP in 
payback phase 
Key control points 
phosphofruktokinase
PFK switched on when energy low in muscle

Question 4

Phosphofructokinase

Answer 4

An allosteric enzyme
2 types- tetramer and dimer
Rate of reaction changes depending on concentration of ATP and media around it
ATP can slow process down

Question 5

Acids and bases

Answer 5

1 min flat out run- dominated by anaerobic pathways
pH increases, lots of glycolysis
Using ATP produces H plus
Lacitc acid causes drop in pH

Question 6

Why is acidity in muscles an issue

Answer 6

Affects calcium transport, rate of glycolysis,faitgue