Week 2- proteins and biochemistry Flashcards
Exercise physiology
The branch of biological sciences that is concerned with the way the body responds to exercise and training
Biochemistry
2The study of events such as reactions, energy transfer, signalling and transport processes at the sub cells and molecular levels
How many amino acids are proteins made up of?
20
Levels of structure of proteins
Primary, secondary, tertiary, quaternary
What is collagen?
A fibrous protein
E.g the chillies
Lots of different versions of collagen bundled and bond together
Functional differences depending on genes
Linked to endurance
Less flexible and more economic and efficient
What is myoglobin
A conjugated protein
Transports oxygen from the circulatory system to muscles
What is an enzyme
A macromolecule that catalyses a biochemical reaction
Most enzyme are globular proteins
Structure of an enzyme
Active site- contains one or more binding site that orient the substrate in the correct configuration
Catalytic site- part of the molecule that lowers the activation energy
Different types of enzyme
Mechanical, chemical or transport
Enzyme lock and ke concept
the enzyme and substrate have 3 dimensional shapes that fit each other
Model proposes enzyme molecules can change their shape depending on the interaction with the substrate
How do enzymes work?
Lowering the activation energy needed to make a chemical reaction occur- reaction more likely
What does a low Km value indicate
that an enzyme has a high affinity or substrate molecules (enzymes can of high velocity even when there’s not much substrate around)
Influentional factors in enzyme activity
Other molecules around interfering which slows reaction
What are coenzymes
Other chemical molecules needed
What are cofactors
Some enzymes require an additional chemical call a cofactor for catalysis to occur. E.g a metal ion
