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Botanical Materia Medica I > Week 5 - Adaptogens > Flashcards

Week 5 - Adaptogens Flashcards

1
Q

Adaptogens - Definition

A
  • Produces non-specific response in an organism
  • Has normalizing influence on physiology, irrespective of the direction of change from physiological norms caused by the stressor
  • Very safe, well-tolerated
  • No low-dose herbs
  • All non-toxic
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2
Q

Adaptogens

A
  • Eleutherococcus senticosis (Eleuthero, Siberian Ginseng)
  • Panax ginseng (Red Ginseng, Man Root)
  • Panax quinquifolium (American Ginseng)
  • Oplopanax horridus (Deveil’s Club)
  • Withania somnifera (Ashwaganda)
  • Rhodiola rosea (Rhodiola, Rose Root, Golden Root)
  • Schisandra chinensis (Five-Flavored Seed)
  • Ocimum sanctum/tenuiflorum (Holy Basil, Tulsi)
  • Glycyrrhiza glabra (Licorice Root)
  • Cordyceps sinensis (Caterpillar Fungus)
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3
Q

Eleutherococcus senticosis - Family

A
  • Araliaceae
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4
Q

Eleutherococcus senticosis - Parts Used

A
  • Root (most researched)
  • Stem bark
  • Leaf
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5
Q

Eleutherococcus senticosis - Energetics

A
  • Warm
  • Stimulating (in higher doses) (some say it’s calming)
  • Dispels wind dampness
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6
Q

Eleutherococcus senticosis - Indications

A
  • Build vitality
  • Increase resistance to infection, stress, and toxicity
  • Improve physical performance
  • Improve mood
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7
Q

Eleutherococcus senticosis - Contraindications/Cautions

A
  • Adulteration is common in the marketplace

- Monitor blood glucose in diabetics and hypoglycemics when introducing this herb

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8
Q

Eleutherococcus senticosis - Other

A
  • Not a true ginseng
  • Can help drive blood sugar lower
  • Helps attenuate alcohol hangover
  • Found to reduce the recurrence rate of herpes
  • Possible benefit in prevention of bone resorption in steroid-induced osteoporosis
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9
Q

Panax ginseng - Family

A
  • Araliaceae
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10
Q

Panax ginseng - Parts Used

A
  • Root

- Leaf

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11
Q

Panax ginseng - Energetics

A
  • Warming
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12
Q

Panax ginseng - Indications

A
  • Weakened state due to chronic illness or chronic stress
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13
Q

Panax ginseng - Contraindications/Cautions

A
  • Always buy organically grown roots
  • May cause hypertension if used long-term with caffeine
  • May cause mania when used with MAOIs
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14
Q

Panax ginseng - Other

A
  • Recommended to do 1 month on, 2 months off

- CM uses

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15
Q

Panax quinquifolium - Family

A
  • Araliaceae
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16
Q

Panax quinquifolium - Parts Used

A
  • Root

- Leaf

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17
Q

Panax quinquifolium - Energetics

A
  • Cooling
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18
Q

Panax quinquifolium - Indications

A
  • Nervous dyspepsia
  • Loss of appetite
  • Mental exhaustion
  • Nervous exhaustion from overwork
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19
Q

Panax quinquifolium - Contraindications

A
  • Pregnancy
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20
Q

Panax quinquifolium - Other

A
  • Effective at low doses, could add into other formulas

- Effects are seen after long period of administration

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21
Q

Oplopanax horridus - Family

A
  • Araliaceae
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22
Q

Oplopanax horridus - Parts Used

A
  • Root

- Stem bark

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23
Q

Oplopanax horridus - Energetics

A
  • Cooling
  • Stimulating
  • Protective
  • Supporting
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24
Q

Oplopanax horridus - Indications

A
  • Energetic medicine for nervous, mental, emotional, and physical exhaustion
  • Indigenous use is as an antimicrobial, antirheumatic, and antidiabetic
  • Modern research for anticancer properties
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25
Q

Oplopanax horridus - Contraindications

A
  • Pregnancy
26
Q

Oplopanax horridus - Other

A
  • Tend towards using lower doses
  • Historically was GI, blood sugar, and respiratory medicine
  • Asthma and emotional healing
27
Q

Withania somnifera - Family

A
  • Solanaceae
28
Q

Withania somnifera - Parts Used

A
  • Root
29
Q

Withania somnifera - Energetics

A
  • Warming

- Balanaces Vata and Kapha

30
Q

Withania somnifera - Indications

A
  • High stress causing fatigue
  • Nervous exhaustion
  • Chronic inflammatory diseases
  • Insomnia
  • Anemia
  • Immunosuppression
31
Q

Withania somnifera - Contraindications

A
  • Pregnancy
32
Q

Withania somnifera - Other

A
  • Classically decocted in milk and given at bedtime
  • Said to “impart the power of a horse”
  • Classically used to increase longevity and vitality, as an aphrodisiac, a tonic nervine, and used to treat emaciation of children and debility in the elderly
  • Neuroregenerative
  • Helps improve performance
33
Q

Rhodiola rosea - Family

A
  • Crassulaceae
34
Q

Rhodiola rosea - Parts Used

A
  • Root
35
Q

Rhodiola rosea - Energetics

A
  • Astringent
36
Q

Rhodiola rosea - Indications

A
  • Fatigue
  • Burn-out from highly stressful situations
  • Altitude sickness
  • Intensive learning
  • Neurasthenia
  • GAD
37
Q

Rhodiola rosea - Contraindications/Cautions

A
  • May cause overstimulation and interfere with sleep
  • May cause vivid dreams, particularly at the onset of treatment
  • Contraindicated in bipolar disorder
  • Synergistic effect with TCAs
38
Q

Rhodiola rosea - Other

A
  • Can reduce general fatigue under certain stressful situations
  • Can help with mild/moderate depression
  • Fortifies against increased stress
  • CM uses
  • Increase fertility in newly married couples in Siberia
39
Q

Schisandra chinensis - Family

A
  • Magnoliaceae
40
Q

Schisandra chinensis - Parts Used

A
  • Berries
41
Q

Schisandra chinensis - Energetics

A
  • Sour
  • Bitter
  • Warm
42
Q

Schisandra chinensis - Indications

A
  • Depression
  • Irritability
  • Forgetfulness
  • Stress
  • Hepatitis
  • Cirrhosis
  • Coughs
  • Wheezing
  • Shortness of breath
  • Skin rash
  • Immune booster
43
Q

Schisandra chinensis - Contraindications/Cautions

A
  • Pregnancy (uterine stimulant)

- May occasionally cause heartburn

44
Q

Schisandra chinensis - Other

A
  • Prevents the leakage of qi
  • Quiets the spirit and calms the heart
  • Tissue protective
  • Protective against cardiovascular disease
  • Neuroprotective
  • Hepato-protective
  • Strong inducer of CYP systems (may reduce the duration of drug effect)
45
Q

Ocimum tenuiflorum - Family

A
  • Lamiaceae
46
Q

Ocimum tenuiflorum - Parts Used

A
  • Leaves
47
Q

Ocimum tenuiflorum - Energetics

A
  • Rama - neutral
  • Krishna - clearing and warming
  • Vana - sweet
48
Q

Ocimum tenuiflorum - Indications

A
  • Cognition, memory, mental focus, learning, concentration
  • Reduced immunity
  • Muscular fatigue
  • Increased BP and HR
  • IBS, emotional diarrhea
  • Blood clots
  • Radiation
49
Q

Ocimum tenuiflorum - Contraindications/Cautions

A
  • Mild blood thinning effects

- Monitor in diabetic patients due to hypoglycemic effects

50
Q

Ocimum tenuiflorum - Other

A
  • Top of ergogenic herbs

- Can help with withdrawal and rebuilding

51
Q

Glycyrrhiza glabra - Family

A
  • Fabaceae
52
Q

Glycyrrhiza glabra - Parts Used

A
  • Rootlets
  • Rhizomes
  • Stolons
53
Q

Glycyrrhiza glabra - Energetics

A
  • Moistening

- Very sweet

54
Q

Glycyrrhiza glabra - Indications

A
  • Inflammatory conditions of GI tract
  • Respiratory conditions requiring expectoration and soothing mucilage (bronchitis, coughs, infections)
  • Adrenal insufficiency, Addison’s disease
  • Inflammatory conditions, arthritis, other AI disorders
  • Chronic viral hepatitis
  • Herpes simplex
  • Urinary tract infections/diabetes insipidus
  • Constipation
  • PCOS, infertility, dysmenorrhea
55
Q

Glycyrrhiza glabra - Contraindications

A
  • HTN
  • Hypokalemia
  • Pregnancy (in large doses)
  • Kidney failure
  • Potentiates the action of cardiac glycosides
56
Q

Glycyrrhiza glabra - Other

A
  • Often used in small amounts
  • Stimulates production of mucous glands
  • Can use topically in either cream or tincture
  • DGL (can use w/o HTN risks)
  • CM uses
57
Q

Cordyceps sinensis - Family

A
  • Clavicipitaceae
58
Q

Cordyceps sinensis - Parts Used

A
  • Fruiting body

- Mycelium

59
Q

Cordyceps sinensis - Energetics

A
  • Sweet

- Warm

60
Q

Cordyceps sinensis - Indications

A
  • Excessive tiredness
  • Persistent cough
  • Impotence
  • Anemia (supports marrow)
61
Q

Cordyceps sinensis - Contraindications/Cautions

A
  • Adulteration, fumigation, and misidentification are a problem in the global marketplace
62
Q

Cordyceps sinensis - Other

A
  • Increases cellular energy
  • Improves respiratory function
  • Improves the functioning of the heart
  • Decreases cholesterol, increases HDL
  • Improves chronic kidney disease
  • Reduces tumor size in cancer patients
  • Reduces fatigue
  • Improves stamina and athletic performance
  • Combats sexual dysfunction
  • Improves libido

Botanical Materia Medica I (17 decks)

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