Week 5 Flashcards
Biopharmaceutical Research and Development Process
- discover
- development
- pre-clinical research
- clinical research
- reviewing and monitoring
discovery
new insights about diseases
screen compounds
development
mechanisms of absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion
pre-clinical
establish that is it non-toxic to humans
clinical phase I
safety and dosage
63% successful
clinical phase II
hundred of patients
efficacy and side effects
30%
clinical phase III
large study of infected patients
58%
clinical phase IV
thousands
reviewing and monitoring
- federal regulation thought the Health Products and Food Branch
Canadian Agency for Drugs and Technologies in Health
drugs deemed safe must still go through a common drug review for further analysis
patents
drug making is risky and expensive
companies need to ensure a return of their investment
expense of drug making
2.6 billion
can take up to 10 years to get on the market
drug payment: premium
amount that is paid to have coverage
usually based on income
high in NB
drug payment: co payment
fixed
per prescription
drug payment: co insurance
fixed percentage of cost
drug payment: deductible
limited amount that can be paid before health plan starts
mental health stats
$51 billion yearly
3 million youth
15% of over 60
1.6 receive inadequate care
leading cause of disability in Canada
mental health
1.5x higher than cancer 7x higher than infectious disease
mental health professionals
psychiatrist
psychologist (can diagnose and treat also)
counsellors and therapists
cost of dental care
$12 billion annually
4.6 publicly funded
programs for children
long term care
intended for people who have or are at a significant risk of having progressive or chronic conditions and who require services to meet their long-term functional needs
covering long-term care
no minimum standard for P/T
responsible for determining money, quality and accreditation standards as well as which services are covered
often transferred to RHAs
