Week 5 Flashcards
What is the difference between short- and long-term memory ?
- Short-term memory: recency affect (recall most recent info)
- Long-term memory: primacy effect (recall info that was presented first )
Describe Murdock’s (1962) serial postion curve
Participants were better at recalling the few words that were at the beggining and end of the list no matter how long the list was
What accounts for the primacy portion of the serial position curve ?
- Rehearsal; had more rehearsals for the words that were at the beggining of the list so they had more time to store it into long term memory
- Associated with long-term memory
What accounts for the recent portion of the serial position curve ?
- The last words on the list were better recalled due to because the words were more familiar due to the 30 second delay imposed than the words at the begginng of the list
- Associated with short-term memory
Did patient HM have short- or long- term memory ?
He had short term memory
What is the distinction between declarative and procedural memory ?
- Declarative - Knowing That
- Procedural - Knowing How
What is the distinction between episodic and semantic memory ?
- Semantic - general knowledge of the world
- Episodic - personal experiences; ability to experience the past in our own mind
Did patient KC retain his episodic or semantic memory ?
He retained his semantic memory
How are episodic and semantic memory declarative ?
They are both declarative memory because they involve recalling events (episodic) and facts (semantic) and are both a type of long-term memory
What did Petrican and colleagues demonstrate regarding the functioning of episodic and semantic memory in older adults ?
- They were better at recalling celebrities when they knew who they were rather since they were famous more recently (10yrs) and had trouble remembering the celebrity if they were older
- Episodic detial were lost from memories that happened a long time ago (50 yrs ago)
- Semantic memory was still intact overtook episodic memory (10 yrs)
What did research using word-stem completion with amnesic patients demonsrate about implicit memory ?
- Demonstrated that amensic patients can fill in the blank of words from the list they were shown but they are not able to recall the word itself indicating that they were unconsciously filling in the word but they do not remember that word at all making them unable to consciously recall it
- memories impact your behaviour without you knowing it
What types of processing during encoding did you learn can improve memory ?
- Levels of Processing - the meaning of the word helps you encode it into you l.t.m better
- Self-processing - Remember something a lot easier when you relate it to yourself
- Survival Processing ? - boosts memory since your memory system is geared to think about the survival meaning of thing; evolution
- Visual Imagery - picturing something helps you improve your memory
- Generating Information - helps to memorize things that are related better
- Retrieval Practice -helps you to test yourself better since you have to retrieve something from your long-term memory
What is the episodic specificity principle and transfer appropriate processing ?
- Easier to recall information when you are in the same condition in which you encoded it
- Easier to recall information when it matches the type of information having to be retrieved
-recall - meaning was higher since that was the type of info needed to be recalled (recall test); rhyming words showed better results on the rhyme test
What is the difference between episodic principle and transfer processing ?
- Episodic - based on testing condition and study condition
- Transfer - process your engaging in when your memorizing the words matches the those of the test your writing
How is state-dependent memory similar to encoding specificity principle ?
Similar because they both involve better recall when the condition of testing matches that of when you encoded the info but state-dependent is based on the internal state
