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VascularA&P > Week 4 Vocab and PPT for Week 6 Quiz > Flashcards

Week 4 Vocab and PPT for Week 6 Quiz Flashcards

1
Q

Define Embolus

A

Any object that travels from one part of the body to another through the circulatory system

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2
Q

What is the Admission rate for PE?

A

300K - 600K / Yr

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3
Q

What is the Death rate for PE?

A

50K / Yr

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4
Q

Thrombosis

A

Formation of a blood clot (coagulation)

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5
Q

Thrombus

A

A coagulation or blood clot

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6
Q

Define Pulmonary Embolus

A

A condition where one or more arteries in the lungs become blocked by a blood clot

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7
Q

Who was Rudolf Virchow?

A

German physician & philosopher, Coined the terms “Embolization and Thrombus”, Came up with idea that clots originate in the legs and travel to the lungs

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8
Q

What are the components of Virchow’s Triad?

A

Injury, Hypercoagulability, Stasis

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9
Q

What are 5 examples of Injury leading to DVT?

A

Trauma, Total Hips, Pelvic Abscess, Pelvic Fracture, Central Catheters

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10
Q

What are 5 examples of conditions leading to Hypercoagulability?

A

Cancer, Post-Op, Post-Trauma, Oral Contraception, Pregnancy

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11
Q

What are 5 examples of Stasis?

A

Bedrest / Elderly, Post-Op, Post-MI, CVA, Paraplegia

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12
Q

What are the signs and symptoms of LE DVT?

A

Swelling, Pain, Discoloration

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13
Q

Define Gross Anatomy

A

Examination of structures of the human that can be seen WITHOUT a microscope

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14
Q

Define Thrill

A

Superficial vibratory sensation that can be felt on the skin over an area of turbulence

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15
Q

Define Bruit

A

An abnormal sound generated by Turbulent flow

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16
Q

Define Palpation

A

the process of using one’s hands to examine the body in order to perceive or diagnose disease or illness

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17
Q

Define Acute

A

Abrupt onset

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18
Q

Define Chronic

A

persistent, long-lasting illness or condition (>3 months)

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19
Q

Define Duplex

A

the combination of doppler and B-Mode

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20
Q

What is a Paradoxical Embolus?

A

An embolus that travels straight to the arterial system from the venous system through a right to left septal defecit

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21
Q

What is a common complication of paradoxical embolus?

A

Stroke

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22
Q

What is the path of a paradoxical embolus starting from the LE?

A

LE, R. Atrium, L. Atrium (through Patent Foramen Ovale), L. Ventricle, Arterial system, Brain (causing Stroke)

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23
Q

What does CVI stand for?

A

Chronic Venous Insufficiency

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24
Q

What causes CVI?

A

Venous valves that become incompetent, making blood return from the LE’s difficult

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25
What are the symptoms of CVI?
Leg swelling, Ankle Pigmentation, Ulceration
26
Ankle pigmentation in CVI is due to what?
Hemosiderin staining
27
Venous Stasis Ulcers occur in what percentage of CVI its?
10-15%
28
What are the symptoms of PE?
Dyspnea, Chest Pain, Hemoptysis, Tachycardia, Fever, Rales, Tachypnea
29
Define Dyspnea
Difficulty breathing
30
Define Hemoptysis
Coughing up blood
31
Define Tachycardia
Fast Heart Rate
32
Define Rales
Abnormal rattling sound heard when examining unhealthy lungs
33
Define Tachypnea
Rapid Breathing
34
What is the percentage of untreated DVT that becomes PE?
20-25%
35
What was swelling of the Left LE commonly called?
Milk Leg
36
Define Insufficiency
Not enough
37
What is meant by "Total Hips"?
Hip replacement
38
What risk factor of DVT commonly occurs in the UPPER extremity?
Central Catheters
39
How much does pregnancy increase the risk of DVT?
6X
40
How much does Oral contraception increase the risk of DVT?
3X, but it's still very low, so don't freak out
41
What releases clotting factors in your body to keep you from bleeding?
the liver
42
What are 2 treatment options for Stasis patients?
Anticoagulants (Sub Q Heparin), Compression Boots
43
What term means purple / blue color?
Cyanotic
44
What is Homan's sign?
With the leg extended, the foot is dorsiflexed, this causes pain in some pt's with DVT
45
The ______ leg is _____ more likely to have a DVT due to the _________ vein getting pinched.
left, 2x, Iliac
46
What is a Venogram?
An X-ray of the veins using a contrast dye
47
What substance is used in a bubble study?
Agitated Saline
48
What is used to ultimately diagnose PE?
CT scan
49
What are 2 differential diagnoses for PE?
Heart attack, Pneumonia
50
Who was Gorham and what did he do?
Pathologist who studied 100 pt's with fatal PE and found that 85 had an occlusion of one pulmonary artery and also an embolism on the other side, 15 were single-sided
51
German physician & philosopher, Coined the terms "Embolization and Thrombus", Came up with idea that clots originate in the legs and travel to the lungs
Rudolf Virchow
52
Swelling, Pain, and Discoloration are symptoms of what?
LE DVT
53
A Superficial vibratory sensation that can be felt on the skin over an area of turbulence in known as what?
Thrill
54
An abnormal sound generated by Turbulent flow
Bruit
55
the combination of doppler and B-Mode
Duplex
56
Leg swelling, Ankle Pigmentation, and Ulceration are symptoms of what?
CVI (Chronic Venous Insufficiency)
57
Dyspnea, Chest Pain, Hemoptysis, Tachycardia, Fever, Rales, and Tachypnea are symptoms of what?
PE
58
Difficulty breathing
Dyspnea
59
Coughing up blood
Hemoptysis
60
Fast Heart Rate
Tachycardia
61
Abnormal rattling sound heard when examining unhealthy lungs
Rales
62
Rapid Breathing
Tachypnea
63
What term means Not enough
Insufficiency
64
Central Catheters are a risk factor for what and where do they commonly occur?
DVT in the Upper extremity
65
Anticoagulants (Sub Q Heparin) and Compression Boots are treatment options for what kind of patients?
Stasis patients
66
With the leg extended, the foot is dorsiflexed, this causes pain in some pt's with DVT. What is this known as?
Homan's sign
67
An X-ray of the veins using a contrast dye
Venogram
68
Pathologist who studied 100 pt's with fatal PE and found that 85 had an occlusion of one pulmonary artery and also an embolism on the other side, 15 were single-sided
Gorham

VascularA&P (4 decks)

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