Week 4 - Values, holistic approach, and non-interference Flashcards
T/F - Compare and contrast value charts - may reinforce stereotypes, instead cultural values should be fluid/universal, and more like common human values
true
T/F - In the Mi’kmaq worldview, all animate and inanimate beings all have spirit, so people are obligated to respect and honour everything around them
true
Indigenous values related to childrearing
Children raised in a WHAT centred world
adult centered
you needed all the people in general from Dec-March during the winter, everyone contributed
Indigenous values related to childrearing
Children are gifts from the which?
Creator
*contrast to the West when you hear “my kids”, they are more like property
T/F - Indigenous values related to childrearing - Emphasis on independence and autonomy from an early age
true
*took on more adult responsibility at a young age
T/F - Indigenous values related to Socializing (parenting) Children include:
Storytelling – for Indigenous was a great way to teach moral conduct
Didactic gossip – gossiping where kids can hear
Modelling behaviours – you watch it done by others and keep watching, and don’t attempt to do it until you are sure you can get it right, you can’t afford to get it wrong
Inducing fear from external source – if you don’t go to bed at a certain time an owl will come get you
Third-party discipline – the parents don’t discipline – it’s left up to aunts/uncles/grandparents so the relationship with parents isn’t disrupted
Offering choices and opportunity to experience natural consequences – kids learn from their mistakes
true
What implies that an Indigenous person will not get involved in any way with the rights, privileges, and activities of another person
Non-Interference
This definition though, could be suggesting that there is no moral compass, could be like child neglect in a parenting context
T/F - non-interference is a complex and flexible concept
true
T/F - Rather than being ‘forbidden’, it has been suggested that indirect and direct interference does indeed occur in Indigenous populations and manifests itself differently depending upon context
true
WHAT - means not giving advice, not being directive, and not participating in another person’s process unless invited to do so.
Non-Interference
T/F - For Indigenous Peoples - Traditional collectives relied to a great extent on voluntary cooperation
True
Group survival required amicable interpersonal relationships and cooperation among group members
T/F - In egalitarian societies, attempts to persuade behaviour could be perceived as an attempt to establish dominance in relationships
True
Trying to be all good” – that person is trying to impose themselves in some way, they are not being humble and trying to push beliefs on others
Is it Traditional Settler or Indigenous cultures placed a high value on individual freedom and a profound respect for autonomy of the individual
Indigenous
Is it Settler or Indigenous spiritual traditions assert that all people are an integral part of the universe and are fulfilling a purpose
Indigenous
Among First Peoples, it has been said that the highest form of respect for another person is respecting his or her natural right to WHAT
be self-determining
In terms of indirect interference – is it among Settler or Indigenous peoples, where a subtle form of persuasion appears to be preferred over direct interference
Indigenous
-Humour
-Subtle request-making
-Use of third-party intermediaries (people will send their kids or brother over to ask the friend something so if the friend said no their relationship is still good and preserved )
-Stories and storytelling (story of a brother setting his fishing nets a certain way)
All have what in common?
They are indirect coercion practices
T/F - Indigenous peoples do not ‘forbid’ interference. They value relationships that are caring and respectful
true
Holistic Approach includes (fix the mistakes):
-Ideas of health come from a WHAT approach
-The WHAT Aspects of a Person
-Interdependency of Individuals, Families, and -Communities
-Interconnectedness of All WHAT
-Healing
holistic, Four , Creation
According to an Indigenous holistic approach, each person is made up of four aspects, what are they?
Physical
Spiritual
Emotional
Psychological / cognitive / intellectual
In terms of the four aspects of a person, the Medicine Wheel teaches us that the ideal state of well-being is to be balanced in all of these areas
Each of the 4 aspects impact each other and are interconnected (harming one harms the others)
T/F - Holistic Approach - Sweat Lodge addresses the four aspects of the person:
Spiritual (prays and sings for spirits to come into the lodge)
Physical (sweating)
Emotional (releasing feelings)
Psychological (listens to teachings)
true
Indigenous perspectives actualize healing through its devotion to the principle of WHAT
holism
T/F Healing pursued through personal goal for harmony and balance
true
Illness and problems are viewed as disconnections, imbalances, and disharmonies
Healing is developing centredness
T/F - the Medicine Wheel, is used in teaching and healing processes (keeps all aspects of the person in mind).
true
T/F - From a Mi’kmaq perspective, the Medicine Wheel has seven directions rather than four. It includes east, south, west, and north, as well as:
-Up, which is to honour the direction of the Creator, the sky, Grandfather Sun, and Grandmother Moon;
-Down, which is the direction of Mother Earth
-Inward, which is a recognition of the self and the spirit that exists within each of us.
true
WHAT is the primary form of oppression because it affects Aboriginals’ consciousness, self-worth, self- identity, community identity, and cultural identity
Colonization
With holistic helpers they should practice WHAT and not judgement and need to recognize that they are not experts in the healing process
Humility
With holistic helpers they should speak from the heart, what does that mean
be genuine (no one can dispute that because it’s your beliefs)
European folks tend to speak from the head
T/F - Sharing the most natural way of developing human relations
true
Sharing tied to equality and democracy in that everyone is considered as valuable as any other person and is treated accordingly
Sharing reduces such conditions as greed, envy, and arrogance that may cause conflict within the group
For Indigenous peoples, family can include a WHAT, some of whom may be biologically related and other who are not
wide group of people
Family caregivers included mothers, fathers, siblings, grandparents, aunts, uncles, and cousins
T/F - Indigenous Peoples have always had family adoptions within their societies. This not only occurred with children, but also took place in order to replace relationships that were severed through death
True
In Indigenous traditions, this concept of replacing relationships is an expression of the value of interconnectedness
Having the freedom to choose some family members for ourselves can be both a source of support and healing.
T/F - Indigenous approaches to helping emerge holistically from deep-seated beliefs of the interconnectedness of all life forms
true
“We are all related” is a core teaching of many Indigenous Peoples
T/F - The interconnectedness of all creation means that everyone is only dependent upon other people and the environment
no, also connected with other people and the environment
From a holistic and Indigenous perspective, rocks have a spirit
T/F - Many Indigenous worldviews see the world as stable?
false - in a constant state of flux
The impermanent aspect of connectedness is appreciated and celebrated
T/F - Belief that change is a part of connectedness
true
T/F - Indigenous worldviews inherently include an epistemology that has ethical and moral dimensions
true
T/F - within Anishnawbe teachings, these values are called “the Seven Grandfathers” or the “Seven Sacred Teachings:
-To cherish knowledge is to know WISDOM.
-To know LOVE is to know peace.
-To honour all of Creation is to have RESPECT.
-BRAVERY is to face the foe with integrity.
-HONESTY in facing a situation is to be brave.
-HUMILITY is to know yourself as a sacred part of Creation.
-TRUTH is to know all of these things.
*The Seven Sacred Teachings are about ethics.
true
T/F - Indigenous in Canada have highest rate of alcohol abstinence but they still get pegged as the problem drinkers, no race processes alcohol differently (you can’t use “biology” to sidestep the pain of colonization i.e. lost their lands, language, culture, and kids)
true
