Week 4: Stoichiometry Flashcards
The number of protons in the nucleus of each atom of an element
atomic number
The total number of protons and neutrons in an atom (nucleus)
mass number
The shorthand notation of the composition of any atom using the atomic number (Z) and the mass number (A)
A-Z notation
Atoms that have the same atomic number but different mass numbers due to a difference in the number of neutrons
isotopes
An instrument that determines the masses of atoms, molecules, and molecular fragments
mass spectrometer
defined as the percent value of the number of isotopes available in nature for a given element
percent abundance
The weighted average of the atomic masses of the naturally occurring isotopes of an element
atomic mass
_____ is governed by the number of electrons and the number of protons
Chemical behavior
The mass spectrometer was developed by ___
Arthur Jeffrey Dempster
the percentage of atoms in a naturally occurring sample of the pure element that are a particular isotope
percent abundance
The name given to a group of 6.022⇥10/23 items.
mole
Avogadro’s number
6.022 x 10(23)
The smallest unit of a substance that retains its chemical identity.
representative particle
The mass of one mole of representative particles of a substance
molar mass
Reaction that involves the transfer of protons from an acid to a base.
acid-base
What kind of base forms hydroxide ions when mixed with water?
weak
Smallest building block of any material.
atom
What kind of acid completely dissociates when mixed with water?
strong
Composed of a nucleus and electron/s.
atom
Quantity that refers to the space occupied by a body.
volume
Term used to refer to a charged atom.
ion
Type of bond between a cation and an anion
ionic bond
Quantity expressed with cubic unit.
volume
Uses Avogadro’s number to have a numerical value.
mole
Formed when atoms combine through bonds.
molecule
Quantity used to express the amount of a substance.
mole
