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KNPE335 > Week 4: Social healthy aging > Flashcards

Week 4: Social healthy aging Flashcards

1
Q

What are the social issues of aging?

A
  1. Role change and loss
  2. Changes in occupation, family and community roles
  3. Social contributors
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2
Q

Social contributors that cause issues with aging

A
  • Loneliness
  • Inability to manage daily activities
  • Difficulty coping
  • Frustration w medical problems
  • Increased meds
  • Social isolation
  • Feeling inadequate
  • Boredom
  • Financial stress
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3
Q

The socioemotional selectivity theory

A
  • Explains the progression of social networks while aging
  • Older adults have greater emotional response
  • Older adults have fewer social partners but more meaningful interactions with people they care about most
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4
Q

Why do older adults have less social connections?

A
  • See themselves as having less time to waste and more risk-adverse
  • Don’t want to involve themselves in painful social interactions (ex. death of a friend)
  • More vast knowledge so they don’t need to seek more knowledge from others
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5
Q

The disengagement theory

A

With aging there is a mutual withdrawal or disengagement btwn aging person and their social system
- Older adults decrease activity levels and interact less
- At same time, society frees older adults from employment and families responsibilities

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6
Q

Is the disengagement theory a good thing?

A

Not always
Can make older adults feel lonely if the withdrawal doesn’t happen at the same time

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7
Q

What is loneliness defined as?

A

A state of solitude or being alone
The perception of being alone and isolated (not actually the number of people around you)
**reported to be more dangerous to health than smoking

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8
Q

What can loneliness lead to?

A
  • Suicidal ideation
  • Para-suicide (attempt)
  • Alzheimer’s disease
  • Dementia
  • Neg effects on immune system
  • Neg effects of cardio-vascular system
  • Increased risk of hospitalization
  • Increased risk of LTC facility placement
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9
Q

Types of loneliness

A
  1. Developmental loneliness
  2. Internal loneliness
  3. Situational loneliness
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10
Q

Developmental loneliness

A

Lack of balance btwn individualism (understanding who you are) and the innate desire to relate to others

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11
Q

Internal loneliness

A

The perception of being alone
Associated with low self-esteem and worth

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12
Q

Situational loneliness

A

Direct effect of the environment on self perceived loneliness
ex. poverty, trauma, internal or relationship conflict
**usually lasts as long as the situation

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13
Q

Interventions for loneliness

A
  1. Activity involvement
  2. Volunteer roles
  3. Developing and keeping quality relationships **most imp
  4. Pharmacological management of physical ailments
  5. Staying in contact with family and friends
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14
Q

What is social isolation defined as?

A

A state in which the individual lacks a sense of belonging socially, lacks engagement with others, has a minimal number of social contacts and are deficient in fulfilling and quality relationships

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15
Q

How prevalent is social isolation?

A

43% in community dwelling older adults

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16
Q

What health effects does social isolation lead to?

A
  • Increased risk for all-cause mortality
  • Dementia
  • Increased risk for re-hospitalization
  • Increased number of falls
17
Q

What three factors should patient care efforts be focused on assessing and improving?

A
  1. Physical well-being
  2. Mental well-being
  3. Social well-being
18
Q

Impacts of social isolation

A
  1. Health behaviour
  2. Psychological
  3. Physiological
  4. Other outcomes
19
Q

Health behaviour impacts

A

Behaviours of older adults
Smoking, drinking, sedentary behaviour, poor nutrition

20
Q

Psychological impacts

A

Cognitive decline, dementia, Alzheimer’s
Depression and death from suicide

21
Q

Physiological impacts

A

Increased risk for getting a disease such as coronary heart disease or a stroke and increased risk of dying from them
More likely to develop the common cold or flu (immune system worsens)

22
Q

Other outcomes resulting from social isolation

A

Re-hospitalization
Institutionalized
Hospitalization from an injury

23
Q

Retirement and social aging

A

Retirement and mental health have been shown to be both positively and negatively associated with healthy aging

24
Q

Effect of involuntary retirement

A

Increases the possibility of loneliness, isolation and mental disorders
**psychiatric illness has been linked to 20% of early retirements

25
Q

Family and friends and social aging

A

Older adults rely more heavily on family and friends for imp matters
Intimate, confiding relationships are very valuable to a person’s wellbeing and mental health in old age
Being socially involved and depended on by others is imp for successful aging (ex. taking care of grandchildren)

26
Q

Marriage and social aging

A

Normal bereavement in older adults does not produce a loss of self-esteem or inappropriate guilt (more accustomed to the concept of death)

27
Q

Separation from spouse

A

When older adults are separated from their spouse (ex. when one goes into home), more likely to have neg health effects

28
Q

How do widows respond and cope with loss of their spouse?

A

1/2 of new widows cope with relatively low levels of distress
- More at peace

29
Q

Violence and seniors

A

1/3 of seniors were victimized by a family member
Includes physical, sexual, emotional and financial abuse
**family violence against seniors is increasing

30
Q

Elder abuse in females

A

More commonly by family members

31
Q

Elder abuse in males

A

More commonly by non family members

32
Q

Elder abuse urban areas vs rural areas

A

More prevalent in rural areas

33
Q

How does social media and technology improve healthy aging?

A
  • Maintaining social relationships and bridging generational gaps
  • Enjoyment and fun
  • Social and medical support
  • Personal empowerment
  • Advocacy
34
Q

Barriers to social media use by older adults

A
  • Lack of instructions/knowledge
  • Lack of confidence
  • Financial
  • Health abilities
  • Trust
35
Q

Who came up with the disengagement theory?

A

Cumming and Henry 1961

KNPE335 (12 decks)

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