Week 4: Sensation and Perception Flashcards
True or False: Perception is easy and direct/
False
True or False: Perception happens in the brain, not the eyes
True
What is the difference between sensation and perception?
sensation: the environment stimuli hitting the sensory organs vs perception: when the brain interprets the signals to form a representation of the enviorment
What is the difference between sensation and perception?
sensation: the environment stimuli hitting the sensory organs vs perception: when the brain interprets the signals to form a representation of the environment
What are the 5 senses?
vision, taste, smell, touch, and auditory
What are other types of senses, like in animals?
echolocation, thermal change, electrical fields
The visual system uses what to gather information about the enviornment?
light waves
What colors represent short and long wavelengths?
short: purple or blue, long: red
The brightness/ intensity of light is determined by what?
wave height
What are the 4 steps of seeing?
- Light hits eyes
- Lens sends light to retina (photo receptors)
- Transduction happens at retina
- Information goes to brain to be interpreted
What is transduction?
When sensory signals (light, pressure, sound, etc) is translated into electrical signals
The retina is covered in what cells?
photoreceptors
In our blind spot, there is no what?
photoreceptors
Rods and cones are in the what?
retina
Rods see in what while cones see in what?
grayscale and low acuity; color and high acuity
What is in the center of the retina?
fovea
What color is associated with medium cones?
green
What are the opposing color pairs?
blue vs yellow
red vs green
black vs white
what are the 2 visual streams to the brain?
ventral and dorsal
What kind of stream is the “what” stream?
ventral
What kind of stream is the “where” and “how” stream?
dorsal
How many Gestalts law of perception are there?
7
What principle of Gestalts law is when the brain picks the simplest interpretation of something?
simplicity
What principle of Gestalts law is when the brain fills in gaps with familiar elements/figures?
closure
What principle of Gestalts law is when the brain groups lines with the same orientation together?
continuity
What principle of Gestalts law is when the brain groups items with similar color, shape, and texture together?
similarity
What principle of Gestalts law is when the brain groups things in close proximity together?
proximity
What principle of Gestalts law is when the brain groups elements moving in the same direction together?
common fate
What principle of Gestalts law is when the brain sees objects as separate from surroundings?
figure/ground distinction
The like hood principle is what?
when the brain perceives the object that is most likely to have caused the pattern of stimuli
Ex: truck example from video
True or False: Perception is not based on your knowledge.
False
Smell and taste are what type of senses?
chemical
What are the 4 steps of smelling?
- Molecules hit nose cavaties
- Transduction happens at olfactory epithelium
- olfactory epithelium sends neural impulses to olfactory bulb
- Smells processed at olfactory bulb
memories and emotional areas may be linked to what sense?
smell
