Week 4 - Pseudocoelomate Animals

Question 0

Hydroskeleton/hydrostatic skeleton

Answer 0

fluid filled body cavity that offers and incompressible structure that muscles can contract against effectively

Question 1

Pseudocoelom

Answer 1

Central body cavity that lies between the gastrodermis and mesoderm. Used in gas and nutrient transport.

Question 2

Are Nematoda dioecious or monoecious?

Answer 2

Mostly dioecious, separate sexes

Question 3

Do Nematoda have a true coelom?

Answer 3

No they are pseudocoelomates

Question 4

What type(s) of muscles do Nematoda use?

Answer 4

Longitudinal muscles

Question 5

Are Nematoda segmented or unsegmented?

Answer 5

Unsegmented

Question 6

In what clade is the cuticle found and what does it do?

Answer 6

Pseudocoelomates. It is a protective coating permeable only to water, gas, and some ions. It is secreted by the epidermis

Question 7

Pseudocoelomates have which of the following body systems?excretory, circulatory, respiratory

Answer 7

Simple excretory but no circulatory or respiratory

Question 8

What clades are in ecdyzoa (pseudocoelomates)?

Answer 8

Nematoda and rotifer

Question 9

What animal(s) is/are in clade Nematoda?

Answer 9

Round worms, ascaris and c elegans

Question 10

Ascaris: pharynx

Answer 10

Transports food from mouth to the intestines

Question 11

Ascaris: intestine

Answer 11

Absorption of food

Question 12

Ascaris: vagina

Answer 12

Connects uteri with the vulva on the outside where eggs are released

Question 13

Ascaris: uteri

Answer 13

Site where developing eggs mature before being released

Question 14

Ascaris: ovaries

Answer 14

Produces eggs

Question 15

Ascaris: testis

Answer 15

Produces sperm

Question 16

Vas deferens

Answer 16

Stores mature sperm and transports them to the seminal vesicle

Question 17

Ascaris: seminal vesicle

Answer 17

Enlarged tube representing terminal portion of male reproductive tract, which receives sperm from males and directs eggs through the genital pore

Question 18

Ascaris: spicules (penial setae)

Answer 18

Structure on males that helps them to hold the female during copulation

Question 19

Ascaris: lateral lines

Answer 19

Longitudinal canal that functions as the excretory system, releases nitrogenous waste in the form of ammonia and urea

Question 20

What is the order of smallest to largest of the ascaris female reproductive system organs?

Answer 20

Ovaries, oviducts, uteri, vagina

Question 21

What is the order from smallest to largest of the ascaris male reproductive system?

Answer 21

Testes, vas deferens, Seminal vesicles

Question 22

What are the differences between make and female ascaris?

Answer 22

Females are larger than males

Males have spicules and curved tail

Question 23

Ascaris: intestine

Answer 23

Ribbon like digestive tract where absorption of nutrients occurs

Question 24

Ascaris: longitudinal muscles

Answer 24

Muscles that run the length of the body, twitching motio

Question 25

Ascaris: pseudocoel

Answer 25

Body cavity lined on the inside by a layer of gastrodermis and on the outside by a layer of mesoderm

Question 26

Ascaris: dorsal and ventral nerve cord

Answer 26

Nerve cords that run the length of the body, one on top and one on bottom

Question 27

What clade is philodina in?

Answer 27

Rotifera

Question 28

Philodina: mastax

Answer 28

Bulblike structure consisting of many muscles which control a complex set of jaws which consists of hardened proteins

Question 29

Philodina: corona

Answer 29

Enables locomotion via cilia

Question 30

Philodina: foot

Answer 30

Posterior end, bears toes

Question 31

Name two distinct feature possessed by modern nematode a that are milestones in evolution. Discuss the advantages of each

Answer 31

1. Complete digestive tract: increases digestive efficiency and digestive specialization
2. Pseudocoelom: space for the development of internal organs, muscle contraction, increased mvmt