Week 4 part 2

Question 1

How do vaccinations work?

Answer 1

1) Involve injecting a small amount of dead or inactive pathogens. These carry antigens which cause your body to produce antibodies to attack them.
2) But if the same pathogens appear after that, the white blood cells can rapidly mass produce antibodies to kill off the pathogens.

Question 2

What are the pros of vaccination?

Answer 2

• Have helped control lots of communicable diseases (measles, rubella)
• Can stop epidemics if a large population is vaccinated.

Question 3

What are the cons of vaccination?

Answer 3

• Don’t always work

- May have side effects (swelling)

Question 4

What are painkillers?

Answer 4

They just kill the pain (das it)

Question 5

What are antibiotics?

Answer 5

They actually kill or prevent growth of the bacteria. However, antibiotics don’t work on viruses

Question 6

Why is it hard to kill viruses?

Answer 6

Viruses reproduce using your own body cells which makes it hard to make a drug that will kill the virus but not your body cell.

Question 7

Why do antibiotics sometimes not work on bateria?

Answer 7

Bacteria can mutate and become resistant to specific antibiotics. If you have an infection and you use antibiotics, only the non resistant bacteria will be killed and the resistant ones will survive and reproduce. This is an examples of natural selection.

Question 8

How was aspirin discovered?

Answer 8

Willow bark for fevers

Question 9

How was digitalis discovered?

Answer 9

Foxgloves for heart conditions

Question 10

How was penicillin discovered?

Answer 10

Alexander Fleming extracted it from mould