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Dpt 716 - Pharmacology > Week 4 - pain control part 1 > Flashcards

Week 4 - pain control part 1 Flashcards

1
Q

categories of pain

A

nociceptive - localize - stabbing, aching
neuropathic - nerve involvement - burning, tingling
psychogenic - related to psyc

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2
Q

substantia gelatinosa

A

dorsal horn of spinal cord

gate keeper to regulat nociceptive fibers

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3
Q

NSAID

A

cox 1 and cox 2
reduce inflammation, fever and pain
reduce prostaglandins

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4
Q

corticosteroids

A

reduce inflammation

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5
Q

DMARD

A

work on inflammatory response

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6
Q

opioids

A

binds to opioids receptors

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7
Q

cannabinoids

A

mediate receptors in brain

modulate both ascending and descending pathway

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8
Q

anaesthesia

A

alter nociceptive input

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9
Q

gabapentinoids, SNRI, Trycyclic, antidepressant

A

alter NT level to modify nociception and pain perception

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10
Q

NSAID

A

aspirin, ibuprofen, naproxen, indomethacin, diclofenac, celecoxib, meloxicam

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11
Q

NSAID MOA

A

inhibits cox 1 and cox 2 enzyme - stop prostaglandins - decrease inflammation (anti-inflammatory) , pain (analgesic), fever (antipyretic)

may inhibit muscle fiber repair
most reversibly inhibit cox 1 and 2

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12
Q

aspirin

A

NSAID - irreversibly inhibit cox 1 and 2
analgesia, antipyretic, anti inflammatory, antithrombotic
avoid if GI bleeding
avoid infant, teens

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13
Q

Celecoxib

A

NSAID -
only cox 2 selective
do not use if CV issues

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14
Q

NSAIDS risk

A

GI (COX 1)

kidney, CV (COX 2)

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15
Q

Naproxen

A

NSAID - usually the safest

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16
Q

best NSAID for GI issues

A

celecoxib or ibuprofen

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17
Q

best NSAID if CV issues

A

naproxen

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18
Q

avoid this NSAID if CV issues

A

celecoxib

19
Q

Acetaminophen (Telenol)

A

NOT NSAID
decrease pain, fever
AE = hepatotoxicity –> avoid if liver issues
good for elder

20
Q

OA : osteoarthritis

A

most common joint disease

21
Q

OA tx

A

acetaminophen (watch for unintentional overdose)

topical NSAID (voltaren)

intraarticular hyaluronate (for knee or hip)

intraarticular steroids

22
Q

over the counter tx for OA

A

glucosamine-chondroitin

23
Q

gold standard for RA tx

A

MTX

24
Q

RA tx

A

non biological DMARD
biological DMARD
corticosteroids

25
Q

Non biological DMARD

A

MTX, hydoxychloroquine

26
Q

biological DMARD

A

TNF inhibitor - humira, enbrel
non TNF inhibitor - rituxan
janus kinase inhibitor

boxed warning

27
Q

TNF inhibitor

A

humira, enbrel

28
Q

non TNF inhibitor

A

rituxan

29
Q

Prednisone

A

corticosteroid tx for RA
decrease inflammation, suppress immune system
short term AE: increase blood glucose
long term AE: osteoporosis, fracture risk, muscle waisting

should take calcium and vitamin D

30
Q

Methotrexate (MTX)

A 
gold standard
non biological DMARD
AE: liver kidney damage
delay progression
boxed warning
31
Q

Hydrocychloroquine

A

non biological DMARD
only address symptoms not progression
AE: GI, skin rxn

32
Q

biological DMARD

A

fight inflammation

AE: infusion rxn, infection

33
Q

rehab concern with DMARD

A

liver function + infection

34
Q

cannabinoids

A

endogenous
exogenous
CB1 receptors

35
Q

THC

A

primary psychoactive compound in marijuana

36
Q

CBD (cannabidiol)

A

non psychoactive compound of marijuana

37
Q

marijuana

A

schedule 1

38
Q

types of anesthesia

A

General
Regional
Local

39
Q

Phases of anesthesia

A

Analgesia / induction
Delirium / disinhibition
Surgical anesthesia
Medullary paralysis

40
Q

What type of anesthesia result in hangover effect and why?

A

General (inhaled)

stored in adipose tissue

41
Q

Lidocaine

A

regional and local anesthesia

42
Q

Proposal

A

General anesthesia

43
Q

what do we need to look out for anesthesia?

A

respiratory depression

Dpt 716 - Pharmacology (5 decks)

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