Week 4: Occuptational Welfare Flashcards
what does Australia consider to be the ‘major means of achieving wellbeing’
participation in the paid workforce
why is work seen as the best form of welfare?
promotes participation, inclusion, and well being
what are the main factors in securing occupational welfare? (hint:3)
- access to labour market
- level of remuneration
- security of job tenure
examples of secure/less secure jobs in australia?
- part time workers less secure than full time
- farmers/self-employed more secure than their employees
- higher status jobs more secure than middle/low status jobs
Australian executives earn __ times more than average worker
78
why doesn’t the labour market treat all people equally?
- it is segmented (different groups experience/ engage w/ labour market differently)
- increasingly, it is dispersed (promotes income inequality)
how is the nature of the labour market core or periphery?
core: well paid workforce in secure jobs with significant benefits
periphery: casualised workers, relatively poorly paid, have little job security and few occupational benefits
What makes up the total population in labour market concepts?
employed + unemployed + not in labour force
what is the labour force?
- persons employed or unemployed
- paid employment
what is the workforce age?
15 - 65 (extending)
what is hidden employment
there are many jobless persons who want work but are not regarded as unemployed
what is the marginal labour force attachment
- discouraged job seekers’- people not actively looking for work
- people not currently available for work
what is underemployment
people currently working and want more work
what is participation rate
proportion of people of workforce age who are in the labour market
labour force and disadvantaged populations?
- women
- indigenous
- migrant/ non-english speaking
- disability
- older workers
workforce is highly gender segregated true or false
true
- women in full time paid work in australia still earn 15.3% less than men (1mil less over working life)
unemployment rates for ______ are worse than the rest of the australian population
indigenous australians
issues with migrans, NESBs - hidden employment
- rising wage inequality
- sweat shops thriving and immigrant women are being exploited
- basic rights violated (no holidays,sick leave), no health and safety, they work long hours to meet unrealistic deadlines
- illegal migrant workers
why does disability and employment have a long way to go?
- little change in labour force participation
- impact of age (older people with disability have lowest participation)
- impact of gender (women less likely to participate)
- impact of location
- impact of type of disability
- underemployed
- work less hours
greater labour market deregulation means?
- reducing the restrictions on businesses in their employment decisions
- greater efficiency and responsiveness to market condiitons
- reduces wages in non-powerful positions
role of unions?
- high unionised industries achieve greater productivity and wage growth
- balance to power of business/employers
