Week 4: Occuptational Welfare

Question 1

what does Australia consider to be the ‘major means of achieving wellbeing’

Answer 1

participation in the paid workforce

Question 2

why is work seen as the best form of welfare?

Answer 2

promotes participation, inclusion, and well being

Question 3

what are the main factors in securing occupational welfare? (hint:3)

Answer 3

• access to labour market
• level of remuneration
• security of job tenure

Question 4

examples of secure/less secure jobs in australia?

Answer 4

• part time workers less secure than full time
• farmers/self-employed more secure than their employees
• higher status jobs more secure than middle/low status jobs

Question 5

Australian executives earn __ times more than average worker

Answer 5

78

Question 6

why doesn’t the labour market treat all people equally?

Answer 6

• it is segmented (different groups experience/ engage w/ labour market differently)
• increasingly, it is dispersed (promotes income inequality)

Question 7

how is the nature of the labour market core or periphery?

Answer 7

core: well paid workforce in secure jobs with significant benefits
periphery: casualised workers, relatively poorly paid, have little job security and few occupational benefits

Question 8

What makes up the total population in labour market concepts?

Answer 8

employed + unemployed + not in labour force

Question 9

what is the labour force?

Answer 9

• persons employed or unemployed

- paid employment

Question 10

what is the workforce age?

Answer 10

15 - 65 (extending)

Question 11

what is hidden employment

Answer 11

there are many jobless persons who want work but are not regarded as unemployed

Question 12

what is the marginal labour force attachment

Answer 12

• discouraged job seekers’- people not actively looking for work
• people not currently available for work

Question 13

what is underemployment

Answer 13

people currently working and want more work

Question 14

what is participation rate

Answer 14

proportion of people of workforce age who are in the labour market

Question 15

labour force and disadvantaged populations?

Answer 15

• women
• indigenous
• migrant/ non-english speaking
• disability
• older workers

Question 16

workforce is highly gender segregated true or false

Answer 16

true

- women in full time paid work in australia still earn 15.3% less than men (1mil less over working life)

Question 17

unemployment rates for ______ are worse than the rest of the australian population

Answer 17

indigenous australians

Question 18

issues with migrans, NESBs - hidden employment

Answer 18

• rising wage inequality
• sweat shops thriving and immigrant women are being exploited
• basic rights violated (no holidays,sick leave), no health and safety, they work long hours to meet unrealistic deadlines
• illegal migrant workers

Question 19

why does disability and employment have a long way to go?

Answer 19

• little change in labour force participation
• impact of age (older people with disability have lowest participation)
• impact of gender (women less likely to participate)
• impact of location
• impact of type of disability
• underemployed
• work less hours

Question 20

greater labour market deregulation means?

Answer 20

• reducing the restrictions on businesses in their employment decisions
• greater efficiency and responsiveness to market condiitons
• reduces wages in non-powerful positions

Question 21

role of unions?

Answer 21

• high unionised industries achieve greater productivity and wage growth
• balance to power of business/employers