Week 4 Learning Outcomes

Question 1

What are the four key functions of the muscular system?

Answer 1

1. Movement
2. Stability
3. Control of body openings and passages
4. Heat production

These functions are essential for overall body function and maintenance.

Question 2

What are the properties of muscular tissue?

Answer 2

1. Excitability
2. Contractility
3. Extensibility
4. Elasticity

These properties allow muscles to respond to stimuli and maintain functionality.

Question 3

What are the main differences between skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscle cells?

Answer 3

Skeletal: Voluntary, striated, multi-nucleated
Cardiac: Involuntary, striated, single nucleus
Smooth: Involuntary, non-striated, single nucleus

Understanding these differences helps in identifying muscle types and their functions.

Question 4

What are the structural components involved in muscular contraction?

Answer 4

1. Actin
2. Myosin
3. Sarcomere
4. Z-lines
5. Troponin
6. Tropomyosin
7. Calcium ions

Each component plays a crucial role in the contraction mechanism.

Question 5

What are the seven features used in the process of naming muscles?

Answer 5

1. Location
2. Size
3. Shape
4. Direction of fibers
5. Number of origins
6. Location of attachments
7. Action

These features help in identifying and classifying muscles.

Question 6

How do muscles enable movement of the skeleton?

Answer 6

Muscles contract to pull on bones at joints, facilitating movement.

Different types of joint movement include flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction.

Question 7

What are the regeneration capabilities of skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscle cells?

Answer 7

Skeletal: Limited regeneration
Cardiac: Very limited regeneration
Smooth: Good regeneration

This comparison highlights the varying abilities of different muscle types to heal and repair.

Question 8

Answer 8