Week 4: GU/GI Flashcards
Projectile Vomiting
Forceful ejection of digested food and secretions
What to assess in projectile vomiting?
Frequency, content of emesis, fresh blood, coffee grounds
What does it mean if someone throws up coffee grounds?
Internal bleeding
When is vomiting a concern?
when present with:
- lethargy
- confusion
- decreased alertness
- severe abdominal pain
- vomiting with fever
- vomiting with diarrhea
- severe headache or stiff neck
What occurs if hepatocytes are not functioning?
Portal system is blocked and backed up, which can lead to esophageal vericose veins
Severe headache or stiff neck can be indicidaiton for what when related to vomiting?
Neurological, meningitis
What age group should we be concerned about with vomiting and nausea?
Older frail adults and younger children
With lethargy, confusion, decreased alertness can indicate what?
Hypovelemia
When vomiting and diarrhea are both present what can this indicate?
Hypovelemia
Vomiting a lot indicates?
Alkalosis
Down and out- a lot of diarrhea indicates what?
Acidosis
Average pH of blood
7.35-7.45
Average pH of blood
7.35-7.45
What blood gases are part of an ABG?
O2, CO2, HCO3
BRAT diet?
Bananas, rice, apple, toast
What important medication helps with nausea?
Gravol- dimenhydrinate
Difference between regurgitation and vomiting?
Regurgitation- partially digested food slowly brought up from
stomach
Projectile vomiting- forceful vomiting
What is Narrow Therapeutic Range?
Some drugs have a narrow therapeutic index, which means that there is only a small difference between the minimum effective concentrations and the minimum toxic concentrations in the blood.
Any drug that ends in PRIL is part of what drug category?
ACE inhibitor
What does furosemide (lasix) do?
Treats high blood pressure and oedema
What does atorvastatin do?
It works by slowing the production of cholesterol in the body to decrease the amount of cholesterol that may build up on the walls of the arteries and block blood flow to the heart, brain, and other parts of the body.
Any drug that ends in STATIN is used to treat what?
Hypercholesterolemia