Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

218: Patho Part II > Week 4: ECG's and Dysrhythmia's > Flashcards

Week 4: ECG's and Dysrhythmia's Flashcards

1
Q

The SA node travels from the right atria to the left atria by this.

A

The left atria contracts when the impulse from the SA node travels to the Bachmann’s bundle.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is automaticity?

A

Automaticity is the heart’s ability to initiate an impulse spontaneously and continuously.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is contractility?

A

Contractility is the hearts ability to respond mechnically to an impulse.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is conductivity?

A

Conductivity is the hearts ability to transmit an impulse along a membrane in an orderly manner.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is excitability?

A

Excitability is the hearts ability to be electrically stimulated.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What happens during the P wave?

A

Atria depolarize and contract

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What happens during the QRS wave?

A

The ventricles depolarize

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What happens during the T wave?

A

the ventricles repolarize.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the autonomic nervous system’s role in impulse formation?

A

The ANS controls:

1) The rate of impulse formation.
2) The speed of impulse conduction.
3) The strength of myocardial contraction.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

The intracellular region of the heart has a high concentration of this electrolyte.

A

Potassium ions K+

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

The interstitial area of the heart has a high concentration these ions.

A

Sodium ions Na+

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What change occurs to cause the heart to depolarize?

Think ions.

A

A flood of sodium ions into the cardiac tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Even though potassium is a positive ion, at normal resting outage intraceulllary in cardiac tissue, the ions holds what charge?

A

negative

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What ionic changes occur that stimulate the heart to depolarize?

A

The heart depolarizes when a flood of sodium ions flow across the cardiac cell’s membrane, making it more positive, causing depolarization of the heart.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

ECG’s are normally performed with how many leads?

A

ECG’s are normally performed with 12 leads, although 6 and 3-lead ECG’s are sometimes performed.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is a monitor oscilloscope?

A

A monitor oscilloscope is a device that converts ECG voltage measurements to the visual representation of rhythm strips.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is telemetry monitoring?

A

Telemetry monitoring is the monitoring of a client’s heartrate and rhythm to determine problems such as dysrhythmias, ischemia, or infarction.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is normal sing rhythm?

A

Normal sinus rhythm refers to a rhythm that originates in the SA node and follows the normal conduction pattern of the cardiac cycle.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

When regulated from the SA node, the heart’s automatic rate is how many beats per minute?

A

60-100bpm

20
Q

If the SA node becomes damaged, the spontaneous firing will default to the AV node, which fires at how many beats per minute?

A

40-60 beats per minute

21
Q

If the AV node becomes compromised, the rate drops further, the purkinje fibres fire at a rate of how many beats per minute?

A

20-40 beats per minute

22
Q

What is ectopic impulse?

A

Ectopic impulse is when a dysrhythmia occurs from a source outside of the normal cardiac conductive system.

23
Q

What is absolute refractory period?

A

Absolute refractory period is a period where it is virtually impossible for an action potential to be stimulated regardless of the trigger.

24
Q

What is relative refractory period?

A

During the relative refractory period, a stronger than normal stimulus is needed to elicit neuronal excitation. After the absolute refractory period, Na+ channels begin to recover from inactivation and if strong enough stimuli are given to the neuron, it may respond again by generating action potentials

25
Q

Why is sinus bradycardia?

A

Sinus bradycardia occurs when the SA node fires at a rate less than 60 beats per minutes, and is also referred to as absolute bradycardia.

26
Q

How does sinus bradycardia appear on an ECG?

A

Sinus bradycardia does not present itself in an unusual way on the ECG. The only difference is that the heart beats slower.

27
Q

What are some signs and symptoms of sinus bradycardia?

A 
Sinus bradycardia S&S include:
pale, cool skin
hypotension
angina
dizziness
confusion
SOB
28
Q

What classification of drug is used to treat sinus bradycardia?

A

Anticholinergic medications are used to treat sinus bradycardia, such as atropine.

29
Q

This neurotransmitter produced in the parasympathetic nervous system slows down the heart.

A

ACE

acetycholine

30
Q

What is sinus tachycardia?

A

Sinus tachycardia is a heart rate over 100 beats per minute.

31
Q

What are some signs and symptoms of tachycardia?

A

dizziness
dyspnea
hypotension

angine d/t increased oxygen demands

32
Q

What are the ECG values according to a graph?

A

Big square is 0.2 secs

Small square is 0.04 secs

33
Q

anterior infarction

A

left anterior descending artery

34
Q

inferior infarction

A

right coronary artery

35
Q

lateral infarction

A

left circumflex artery

36
Q

posterior infarction

A

RCA and/or OCX artery

37
Q

normal Pr interval

A

012-.20 sec

38
Q

normal QRS complex

A

<0.10 sec

39
Q

peaked T-waves are caused by this

A

hyperkalemia

40
Q

this is the most effective method of terminating ventricular fibrillation

A

defibrillation

41
Q

amiodarone is what classification of drug?

what is the action of amiodarone?

A

amiodarone is an anti rhythmatic

it surprises dysrhythmias

42
Q

classification of digoxin

A

antiarrhythmics, inotropics

43
Q

action of digoxin

A

Increases the force of myocardial contraction. Prolongs refractory period of the AV node. Decreases conduction through the SA and AV nodes.

Therapeutic Effects: Increased cardiac output (positive inotropic effect) and slowing of the heart rate (negative chronotropic effect).

44
Q

What is cardiomyopathy?

A

Cardiomyopathy refers to diseases of the heart muscle. These diseases have many causes, signs and symptoms, and treatments. In cardiomyopathy, the heart muscle becomes enlarged, thick, or rigid. In rare cases, the muscle tissue in the heart is replaced with scar tissueIncreased cardiac output (positive inotropic effect) and slowing of the heart rate (negative chronotropic effect).

45
Q

This vitamin/mineral controls the force of the contraction of the heart.

A

calcium

46
Q

What is the indication of digoxin?

A

Digoxin is used in patients who suffer from atrial fibrillation or heart failure.

218: Patho Part II (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions