Week 4: Caries Preventative Agents

Question 1

caries are ____, not _____

Answer 1

acquired, not inherited

Question 2

when is the ideal age for first risk assessment?

Answer 2

age 1 or earlier

Question 3

early caries DETECTION strategies

Answer 3

QLF, DIFOTI, ICDAS, DIAGNOdent

Question 4

caries are not _____

Answer 4

genetic

Question 5

stages of caries

Answer 5

• incipient
• moderate
• advanced
• severe

Question 6

caries lesions that are just starting; can you remineralize?

Answer 6

incipient caries; yes

Question 7

caries RISK ASSESSMENT strategies

Answer 7

• using CAMBRA

- antimicrobials, remineralize, behaviors

Question 8

smooth surface risk preventative measures

Answer 8

• antimicrobial
• xylitol
• fluoride
• diet modification
• CPP-ACP/ACP/TCP
• oral hygiene instruction

Question 9

pit/fissure risk preventative measures

Answer 9

sealants

Question 10

naturally occurring nutrient that in the right concentrations can decrease caries risk/remineralize

Answer 10

fluoride

Question 11

reduction % in cares with

systemic fluoride use

Answer 11

40-65%

Question 12

sources of topical fluoride

Answer 12

professionally applied, toothpaste, mouth-rinse

Question 13

sources of systemic fluoride

Answer 13

community water, foods, tea

Question 14

fluoride is a negatively charged ion that attracts ____ into tooth surface

Answer 14

calcium

Question 15

calcium-fluoride ion forms on tooth surface and ____ _____ when pH ____

Answer 15

releases fluoride, drops

Question 16

options for topical fluoride

Answer 16

sodium fluoride (NaF), acidulated phosphate fluoride (APF), stannous fluoride

Question 17

professionally-applied fluoride option (not typically applied outside dental offices)

Answer 17

acidulated phosphate (APF)

Question 18

is stannous fluoride acid? does it contain tin now?

Answer 18

NO, this has changed!

Question 19

self-applied fluoride gel indicated for high-risk patients; what are ppm? is it available OTC?

Answer 19

NaF gel; ppm = 5,000; available by prescription only

Question 20

self-applied fluoride gel not sufficient for high risk patients; what are ppm? is it available OTC?

Answer 20

0.4% SnF2; ppm = 1,000; available OTC

Question 21

5000 PPM fluoride brands

Answer 21

Sensodyne 5000 ppm toothpaste, Colgate Prevident, Clinpro 5000, fluoridex

Question 22

Colgate Prevident 5000 characteristics

Answer 22

1.1% NaF; liquid gel formula, no sodium lauryl sulfate (no irritation to gum)

Question 23

Clinpro 5000: 3M Espe

Answer 23

1.1% NaF, calcium/phosphate ions present to promote remineralization

Question 24

daily use fluoride mouthrinse

1. ____ PPM
2. ___, ___, ____ preparations
3. most common brand = ____
4. rinse for _____ at ___

Answer 24

1. 230ppm
2. NaF, APF, SnF2
3. ACTS (0.5% NaF)
4. 1 minute at night

Question 25

weekly use mouthrinse 1. ___ PPM 2. ____ NaF 3. commonly used in ____

Answer 25

1. 920 ppm 2. 0.2% NaF 3. schools

Question 26

fluoride mouthrinses are not recommended under the age of ___ d/t lack of ____ ____

Answer 26

6, spitting muscle action

Question 27

what causing foaming toothpaste?

Answer 27

sodium lauryl sulfate

Question 28

APF gel 1. pH = ___ 2. ___ PPM 3. Has potential to ___ cosmetic restorations (_____/____) 4. protect using ____ ___ or use neutral pH gel 5. __% caries reduction

Answer 28

1. 3.5 (acidic) 2. 12,300 ppm 3. etch, porcelain/composites 4. petroleum jelly 5. 30% reduction

Question 29

NaF Gel (2%) 1. pH = ____ 2. ____ PPM 3. ____ with cosmetic restorations

Answer 29

1. neutral 2. 9,040 PPM 3. safe

Question 30

NaF Varnish 1. _____ PPM 2. first introduced as a ___ ___ 3. protection equal to ___

Answer 30

1. 22,600 PPM 2. cavity liner 3. gel

Question 31

fluoride is used as an __-____ use as fluoride treatment

Answer 31

off-label

Question 32

fluoride that stops caries once applied; causes ______

Answer 32

silver diamine fluoride; causes darkness

Question 33

antimicrobial use for _______ patients; use __________

Answer 33

high risk; 0.12% chlorhexidine

Question 34

use 0.12% chlorhexidine (CHX) use instructions

Answer 34

nightly for 1 week; one week per month thereafter for the next 6 months

Question 35

chlorhexidine available in ___ forms in Europe; only available as a ___ in USA

Answer 35

many, rinse

Question 36

light blue chlorhexidine = ____ version | pink chlorhexidine = ___ version

Answer 36

alcohol; alcohol-free

Question 37

chlorhexidine is used for ______; patients ____ and older

Answer 37

short-term, 6 years

Question 38

sugar alcohol made from plant-material, mainly from birch tree

Answer 38

xylitol

Question 39

xylitol cannot be metabolized by ____ ____

Answer 39

streptococcus mutans

Question 40

use chlorhexidine __ _____ following use of toothpaste OR ___ use of toothpaste when using CHX if it contains SLS

Answer 40

30 minutes

Question 41

xylitol use instructions 1. use minimum __ per day 2. use __ grams but a maximum of ___ grams 3. must maintain in mouth for __ minutes

Answer 41

1. 3x per day 2. 5-6 grams, not over 8-10 grams 3. 5 minutes

Question 42

products that list xylitol as 1st three ingredients = __ gram per serving

Answer 42

1 gram

Question 43

free-floating calcium and phosphate ions, designed to enhance remineralization

Answer 43

amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP)

Question 44

amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) product claims

Answer 44

1. helps prevent/stop demineralization 2. stimulate remineralization via bioavailability of Ca/P 3. occlude dentinal tubules and thus decreases hypersensitivity

Question 45

presence of this enhances ACP, drink from milk protein casein, slows diffusion of free calcium from tooth

Answer 45

casein phosphopeptide amorphous calcium phospohate (CPP-ACP)

Question 46

new hybrid of calcium, phosphate, SLS, fumaric acid that increases efficacy of fluoride

Answer 46

tri-calcium phosphate (TCP)

Question 47

baking sodium in toothpaste works by ____ acid, is bactericidal

Answer 47

neutralizing

Question 48

another name for CPP-ACP

Answer 48

recaldent

Question 49

presence of CPP stabilizes ____

Answer 49

ACP