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NEUROANATOMY > Week 4: Basal Ganglia, Cerebellum, Cranial Nerve Pathways > Flashcards

Week 4: Basal Ganglia, Cerebellum, Cranial Nerve Pathways Flashcards

1
Q

Parts of the Basal Ganglia

A

Striatum, Lenticular Nucleus, Substantia Nigra, Subthalamic Nucleus

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2
Q

Parts of the Striatum

A

Putamen, Nucleus Accumbens, Caudate Nucleus

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3
Q

Parts of the Lenticular Nucleus

A

Putamen, Globus Pallidus

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4
Q

Parkinson’s Disease Cause

A

Lack of dopamine in the substantia nigra

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5
Q

Parkinson’s Disease Symptoms

A

Resting tremors, cogwheel rigidity, shuffling gait

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6
Q

Hyperkinetic Disorders

A

Hemiballismus, Huntington’s Disease

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7
Q

Region Affected in Hemiballismus

A

Subthalamic Nucleus

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8
Q

Hemiballismus Symptoms

A

Violent Involuntary Movement of Proximal Limbs

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9
Q

Region Affected in Huntington’s Disease

A

Striatum

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10
Q

Huntington’s Disease Symptoms

A

Dancing movements of distal limbs

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11
Q

Functional Divisions of Cerebellum

A

Spinocerebellum, Cerebrocerebellum, Vestibulocerebellum

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12
Q

Parts of Spinocerebellum

A

Vermis and paravermis

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13
Q

Parts of Cerebrocerebellum

A

Lateral Hemispheres

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14
Q

Parts of Vestibulocerebellum

A

Flocculonodular Lobe

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15
Q

Spinocerebellum Function

A

Postural and movement control of trunk and limbs

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16
Q

Cerebrocerebellum Function

A

Fine motor and nonmotor planning

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17
Q

Vestibulocerebellum Function

A

Coordinating head and eye movements

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18
Q

Deep Cerebellar Nuclei

A

Dentate, Emboliform and Globose, Fastigial

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19
Q

Dentate Nucleus Function

A

Relay Center of cerebrocerebellum to motor centers

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20
Q

Emboliform and Globose Nuclei Functions

A

Relay nuclei of the spinocerebellum to motor centers

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21
Q

Fastigial Nucleus Function

A

Project to Reticular Formations and Vestibular nuclei

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22
Q

Function of Cerebellar Peduncles

A

Moves information in and out of the cerebellum

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23
Q

Spinocerebellum Input Tracts from Lower Extremities and Trunk

A

Dorsal Spinocerebellar and Double Cross Ventral Spinocerebellar

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24
Q

Spinocerebellum Input Tracts from Upper Extremities

A

Cuneucerebellar, Double Cross Rostral Spinocerebellar

25
Q

Spinocerebellar Fastigial Output Tract Destination

A

To reticular formation and reticulospinal tract, and vestibular nuclei and vestibulospinal Tract

26
Q

Spinocerebellar Interposed Output Tract Destination

A

To red nucleus and ventrolateral nucleus of thalamus

27
Q

Vestibulocerebellar Input

A

Directly from vestibular afferents and from vestibular nuclei

28
Q

Vestibulocerebellar Output

A

Medial longitudinal fasciculus coordinating eye movement, medial vestibulospinal tract coordinating neck movement with eyes, lateral vestibulospinal tract maintaining balance

29
Q

Cerebrocerebellar Input

A

Corticopontine fibers pontine nuclei pontocerebellar tract to contralateral cerebellum, corticorubroolivary path to olivocerebellar tract

30
Q

Cerebrocerebellar Output

A

Dentathalamic fibers to ventrolateral nucleus of thalamus, fibers to red nucleus form loop through inferior olivary nucleus

31
Q

Cerebellar Cell Layers Superficial to Deep

A

Molecular, Purkinje, Granule Cell

32
Q

Granule Cell Layer Input

A

All pathways BUT the inferior olive

33
Q

Mossy Fiber Input

A

Inferior olive

34
Q

Purkinje Cell Input

A

Contralateral inferior olive and granule cells

35
Q

Purkinje Cell Output

A

Deep Nuclei

36
Q

Vestibulocerebellar Lesion

A

Wide gate and nystagmus

37
Q

Spinocerebellar Lesion

A

Ataxia, stomping gate

38
Q

Cerebrocerebellar Lesion

A

intention tremor, dysdiadochokinesia

39
Q

Oculomotor and Edinger Westphal Nuclei Cranial Nerve and Location

A

CN III, rostral midbrain at level of red nucleus and superior colliculus

40
Q

Oculomotor and Edinger Westphal Nuclei Blood Supply

A

paramedian branches from basilar and posterior cerebral arteries

41
Q

Medial Logitudinal Fasiculus Function

A

Connects oculomotor nucleus top the nuclei of CN IV and VI

42
Q

Trochlear Nucleus Location

A

Caudal midbrain where CN IV fibers cross to contralateral side

43
Q

Trochlear Nucleus Blood Supply

A

paramedian branches from basilar and posterior cerebral arteries

44
Q

Trigeminal Motor Nucleus Location

A

Medial to principle sensory nucleus of pons

45
Q

Trigeminal Motor Nucleus Blood Supply

A

anterior inferior cerebellar or circumferential branches of basilar artery

46
Q

Abducens Nucleus Blood Supply

A

Dorsal aspect of caudal pons surrounded by fibers of facial nerve to form facial colliculus

47
Q

Abducens Nucleus Blood Supply

A

Paramedian branches of basilar

48
Q

Facial Nucleus Location

A

Ventral Area of Tegmentum in caudal pons

49
Q

Facial Nucleus Blood Supply

A

Anterior inferior cerebellar or circumferential branches of basilar

50
Q

Superior Salivatory Nucleus of Facial Nerve Location

A

Dorsomedial to facial nucleus in mid to caudal pons

51
Q

Nucleus ambiguus and Inferior Salivatory Nucleus Cranial Nerves and Location

A

CN IX, X, and XI in mid to central portion of rostral medulla

52
Q

Nucleus ambiguus and Inferior Salivatory Nucleus Blood Supply

A

Posterior inferior cerebellar artery

53
Q

Dorsal Motor Nucleus of Vagus Location

A

Rostral medulla deep to vagal trigone

54
Q

Dorsal Motor Nucleus of Vagus Blood Supply

A

Posterior inferior cerebellar artery

55
Q

Accessory Nucleus Location

A

Ventral horn of upper cervical cord

56
Q

Accessory Nucleus Blood Supply

A

Posterior inferior cerebellar artery OR vertebral artery

57
Q

Hypoglossal Nucleus Location

A

Rostral medulla deep to hypoglossal trigone where axons pass ventrally to emerge in the preolivary nucleus

58
Q

Hypoglossal Nucleus Blood Supply

A

Anterior Spinal Artery or vertebral artery

NEUROANATOMY (11 decks)

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