Week 4

Question 1

Normal value for Hb for:

i) Males
ii) Females

Answer 1

i) 14-18g

ii) 11.5-15.5g

Question 2

Define O2 Saturation

Answer 2

The proportion of O2 molecules bound to Hb

Question 3

Normal value for PaO2

Answer 3

80-100 mmHg

Question 4

Three factors affecting the affinity of o2 to Hb

Answer 4

1. PH
2. PCo2
3. Temperature

Question 5

normal value for PaCO2

Answer 5

35-45 mmHg

Question 6

How will Co2 binding to Hb effect O2?

Answer 6

O2 will have reduced affinity to Hb

Question 7

what is the dominant buffer for the bodies acid/base balance

Answer 7

Bicarbonate (HCO3)

Question 8

How would high bicarbonate affect H+ ions in the body

Answer 8

Reduced H+ ions = High PH

Question 9

Define metabolic Alkalosis

Answer 9

High Ph and high bicarbonate ions

Question 10

Define respiratory Acidosis

Answer 10

Low PH and high Co2 molecules

Question 11

In regards to blood PH, Polyuria may be indicative of what

Answer 11

In attempt to expell excess Bicarbonate, therefore the blood may be in a state of Alkalosis

Question 12

How may the respiratory system respond to metabolic acidosis

Answer 12

Hyperventilation

Question 13

How is compensation recognised in ABGs

Answer 13

Normal PH but abnormal CO2 and HCO3

Question 14

How is respiratory failure diagnosed in regards to ABGs

Answer 14

PaO2 less than 60mmHg

Question 15

Define Type 1 Respiratory failure

Answer 15

Hypoxaemia without CO2 retention

Question 16

Define Type 2 Respiratory failure

Answer 16

Hypoxaemia with CO2 retention

Question 17

Type 1 Respiratory failure is a failure of_____, whereas Type 2 Respiratory failure is a failure of ______?

Answer 17

• Oxygenation

- Ventilation

Question 18

List 3 common problems which cause type 1 Respiratory failure

Answer 18

1. Loss of lung volumes
2. Loss of surface area for gas exchange
3. Impaired airway clearance

Question 19

List 2 common problems causing Type 2 respiratory failure

Answer 19

1. Reduced lung volumes

2. Impaired airway clearance

Question 20

What is the primary treatment goal of type 2 respiratory failure

Answer 20

increase alveolar minute ventilation

Question 21

CPAP may be indicated in which type of respiratory failure ?

Answer 21

Type 1