Week 11

Question 1

Two Types of Mechanical Ventilation

Answer 1

1. Invasive

2. Non-invasive

Question 2

Two routes invasive ventilation can be administered

Answer 2

1. ETT

2. Tracheostomy

Question 3

List the three types of ventilation

Answer 3

1. Volume-cycled
2. Pressure-controlled
3. pressure-supported

Question 4

List three common modes of ventilation

Answer 4

1. Controlled mandatory Ventilation (CMV)
2. Assist/control ventilation (ACV)
3. Synchronised Intermittent mandatory Ventilation (SIMV)

Question 5

What Ventilator Mode is characteristic of:

(i) A fixed respiratory rate
(ii) fixed volume or pressure

Answer 5

CMV

Question 6

What Ventilator Mode is characteristic of:

(i) Set parameters (RR & volume or pressure)
(ii) all breaths will be either controlled or assisted by the machine
(iii) allows patient to initiate breath but machine still controls breath

Answer 6

ACV

Question 7

What Ventilator Mode is characteristic of:

(i) Set number of breaths delivered
(ii) Between delivered breaths the machine may detect and assist pt initiated breaths

Answer 7

SIMV

Question 8

List two Pros of volume cycled ventilation

Answer 8

1. Guaranteed volume and flow

2. We know how much CO2 is being flushed out

Question 9

List 3 CONS of volume cycled ventilation

Answer 9

1. Variable pressure for varying lung compliances
2. poor flow synchrony
3. Volume takes the path of least resistance

Question 10

List 4 PROS of Pressure controlled ventilation

Answer 10

1. Reduced risk of Barotrauma
2. Flow synchrony
3. Improved lung recruitment
4. even gas distribution

Question 11

List 1 CON of Pressure controlled ventilation

Answer 11

1. variable volume - less control of PaCO2

Question 12

List 5 Contraindications for NIV

Answer 12

1. Extreme Acidosis ( <7.2)
2. Haemodynamic/Cardiac Instability
3. Pneumothorax
4. High aspiration risk
5. recent airway/GIT surgery

Question 13

List the 3 modes of NIV

Answer 13

1. CPAP
2. BiPAP
3. Intermittent Positive Pressure breathing

Question 14

A pt has known atelectasis, is Hypoxic, increased RR and shows evidence of poor gas exchange - What mode of NIV would be most appropriate ?

Answer 14

CPAP

Question 15

A patient has chronic COPD, is hypercapnic and shows evidence of lung hyperinflation, what would be the most appropriate method of NIV ?

Answer 15

BiPAP

Question 16

A patient’s ABG analysis indicates respiratory acidosis, what form of NIV would be most appropriate ?

Answer 16

BiPAP

Question 17

A patient has had a recent spinal cord injury and is showing evidence of an inability to generate pressure gradients necessary to breath, what mode of NIV is most appropriate ?

Answer 17

IPPB

Question 18

essentially, EPAP = ____ and ____

Answer 18

PEEP and CPAP

Question 19

Essentially, BiPAP = _____ + _____

Answer 19

EPAP and IPAP

Question 20

Essentially, IPAP = ______

Answer 20

IPPB

Question 21

what is IPV and Briefly describe it

Answer 21

• Intermittent Percussive Ventilation

- Sumperimposes small ‘bursts’ of air on normal inspiration and expiration

Question 22

What might IPV be useful for ?

Answer 22

Loosening mucous and airway clearance

Question 23

List two injuries that may benefit from a cough assist device

Answer 23

Spinal cord injury

NMD