week 4 Flashcards
oral cavity consists of (8)
lips cheeks palate teeth gingivae front 2/3 of tounge retromolar trigone floor of ,mouth
oropharynx consists of
palatine tonsils
tounge base
posterior pharangeal walls
palatal rugae helps with
speaking
horseshoe shaped bone
joins floor of mouth and tounge with pharynx and larynx
hyoid bone
articular disc (fibrocartilage) and mandibular condyle are pulled forward and down by the x
lateral pterygoid muscle
4 muscles of mastication
3/4 aid in closing mouth
1/4 aid in opening mouth
maesseter
temporalis
medial pterygoid
lateral pyerygoid opens the mouth
all 4 muscles of mastication are innervated by
cranial nerve v which is trigeminal nerve
masseter muscle orgin and insertion
orgin: zygomatic arch
insertion: angle and ramus of mandible laterally
temporalis muscle orgin and insertion
origin: temporal fossa
insertion: coronoid process and anterior border of mandible ramus
medial pterygoid muscle orgin and insertion
origin: portions of spenoid,maxillary and palatine bones
insertion: angle and ramus of mandible medially
lateral pterygoid
origin: spehnoid bone
insertion: TMJ and mandibular condyle
4 extrinsic tounge muscles
3/4 innervated by hypoglossus nerve CN XII
1/4 innervated by vagus nerve CN X
genioglossus
hyoglossus
styloglossus
palatoglossus
genioglossus
aids in depresses and protracts and retracts
hyoglossus
depresses and retracts
styloglossus
retracts and pulls tounge back and upward
palatoglosus
depresses soft palate and elevates tounge
and pulls backward
all muscles of facial expression are innervated by
CN VII aka Facial nerve
facial nerve branches (5)
temporal branch zygomatic branch buccal branch mandibular branch cervical branch
cranial nerves
nerves that join brain/brainstem directly rather then via spinal cord
supplies the muscles of facial expression and relays special sensation of taste from the anterior 2/3 of the tounge
facial nerve CN VII (7)
main function is transmitting sensory in the face. It also stimulates movement in the jaw muscles
overall deals with mastication and facial sensation
trigeminal nerve CN V (5)
extra cellular matrix
consists of proteins and ground substance and fibres
between tissue cells
Blast cells retain the capacity for cell division, and secrete the extracellular matrix that is characteristic of a tissue.
Examples: Fibroblasts in X Chondroblasts in X
Osteoblasts in X
loose and dense connective tissue
cartilage
bone
dif types of connective tissue cells (6)
Fibroblasts Macrophages Mast cells Plasma cells Adipocytes White blood cells
Neutrophils (polymorphonuclear leucocyte)
first cells to gather at sites of infection
Eosinophils
migrate to sites of parasitic invasion or allergic responses
Haematoxylin and Eosin
most common dyes used in histology slides
