Bacteria/Virus in Dental Settings Flashcards
healthcare-associated infection
an infection
occurring in a patient in a hospital or other healthcare facility in whom the
infection was not present or incubating at the time of admission
oral microbiome
totality of bacteria, viruses and fungi in the oral cavity
pathogen
a microorganism (or microbe) capable of causing disease
Opportunistic pathogens
microbes with
the potential to cause disease when an
opportunity arises, but which do not do so
under ordinary circumstances
Cross infection
the transmission of
infectious agents between patients and staff within a
clinical environment
Transmission
person-to-person
contact or via contaminated objects (fomites)
Exogenous infections
nfections caused by microorganisms from a
source external to the patient.
Endogenous infections
caused by microorganisms that are part of the
patient’s own microbiota,pathogen may travel to another part of the body
The risk of infection depends
frequency of exposure, number of
pathogens transmitted, virulence of the pathogen, and response of the host
immune system
Viruses
smallest forms of microorganism and infect most other forms of life:
animals, plants and bacteria
general steps in the replication cycle of all viruses(7)
adsorption, penetration,
uncoating and eclipse, transcription, synthesis of viral components, assembly
and release of virions.
most dangerous blood borne virus in dental environment
hep B
Shape and size of bacteria
- Cocci (spherical)
- Bacilli (rod-shaped)
- Spirochaetes (helical/spiral)
bacteria replicates by
binarry fission a form of asexual reproduction
steps of bacteria replication
DNA replicates and attaches to the cell wall • Two identical daughter cells are produced • Results in a logarithmic growth rate
