WEEK 4 Flashcards
Musculature of the Vertebral Column
Where do myoblasts from the epimere originate from?
Dorsal medial lip become epaxial muscles
Where do myoblasts from the hypomere originate?
Ventral Lateral Lip becomes hypaxial muscle
Are prevertebral muslces intrinsic or extrinsic?
Both, intrinsic and extrinsic
Why do hypaxial muscles not move the vertebral column
prevertebral
What muscles groups make up the deep intrinsic musculature?
Intertransversarii
Interspinales
Transverso-spinales
Where is the interspinales muscle and the ligament that runs medially?
Located between spinous processes
Lateral to the interspinous ligament
Where is the Intertransversarii located and what ligament runs anteriorly and posteriorly and what is its action?
Located: Between TVP
Ant/Pos to intertransverse ligament
Action: proproreceptive, too thin to provide structural support
Name the three groups of muscles of the Transversospinales muscles
Semispinales
Multifidus
Rotatores
Name the three subgroups of the semispinales
Semispinales capitis
Semispinales cervicis
semispinales thoracis
name the three subgroups of the rotatores
Rotatores lumborum
Rotatores thoracis
Rotatores cervicis
What is the O + I of Semispinalis capitis?
O: TVP of cervical and thoracic spine
I: nuchal ligament
What part of the vertebrae is the semispinalis muscles best identified in?
Cervical Spine
What part of the vertebrae is the multifidus most developed?
Lumbar spine
What part of the vertebae is the rotatores well developed in?
Thoracic spine
What do all the Transversospinales muscle s(semispinalis, multifidus, rotatores) have in common regarding their location?
They all run from TVP inferiorly to SP superiorly
What is the O + I of the Semispinalis cervicis?
O: TVP of upper throacic spine
I: SP of cervical spine
What is the O + I of the semispinalis thoracis?
O: TVP of lower thoracic spine
I: SP of upper thoracic and lower cervical spine
What are the actions of the semispinalis muscle group?
Bilateral = Extend the head
Unilateral = Rotates to controlateral spine
how many laminar segments do the Rotatores brevis skip?
1 lamina segment
how many laminar segments do the rotatores longus extend to?
2 laminar segments
What are the actions of the rotatoes?
proproreception
postoral control
What is the O + I of the Multifidus?
O: Posterior superior illiac spine
I: Spinous Processes if cervical, lumbar and thoracic spine
Where do the fibers of the multifidus originate?
Mamillary processes
What are the actions of the multifidus?
- extention of the spine. no FLEXION
- proproreception
- vertebral inter-segmental stabilisation
What is the O + I of the Levator costarum?
O: TVP of thoracic vertebrae
I: inferior rib between tubercle and angle
what is hte action of the levator costarum?
proprorection
elevate the ribs in respiration
what is the embryology and innovation of the levator costarum?
Embryology: Epaxial muscle, from the dorsal medial lip
Innovated by the dorsal primary ramus
What are the sub-occipital muscles of the deep intrinsic musculature?
- rectus capitis posterior major
- rectus capitis posterior minor
- oblique captis superiorus
- oblique capitis inferioris
rectus capitis posterior major O + I and embryology?
O: SP of C2
I: Lateral part of inferior nuchal line
Epaxial
Rectus capitis posterior minor O + I and embryology?
O: Posterior tubercle of C1
I: Medial ipart of the occipital bone below the inferior nuchal line
Epaxial
What are the actions of the rectus capitis posterior major and minor?
Stabalizes the Atlanto-axial and atlanto-occipital joints
Unilateral: Ipsilateral rotation
Bilateral: Extend the head at the A-O joint
What is the Obliquus capitis superioris O + I and action?
O: TVP of C1
I: Inferior nuchal ligament of occipital bone
A: Unilateral = lat flex
Bilateral = Extend the head at the A-O joints
What is the O + I and action of the Obliquues Capitis Inferioris?
O: SP of C2
I: TVP of C1
A: Bilaterally = Extends head at A-O Joint
Unilaterally = Ipsilateral roation of the A-A joint
What are the intermediate intrinsic musculature of the back (erector spinae group)?
Erector spinae divides into three sections:
- iliocostalis
- longissimus
- spinalis
What are the three parts of the ilicostalis muscles of the erector spinae?
Iliocostalis cervicis
iliocostalis thoracis
iliocostalis lumborum
What is the O + I of the iliocostalis cervicis?
O: angle of upper ribs (posteriorly)
I: Posterior tubercle of cervical vertebrae
What is the O + I of the iliocostalis thoracis
O: Lower 6 ribs
I: angles of the upper 6 ribs
what is the O + I of the iliocostalis lumborum?
O: Common tendon of the erector spinae
I: Angles of lower 6 ribs
What are the three muscles of the longissimus?
Longissimus capitis
Longissimus cervicis
Longissius thoracis
What is the orientation and insertion of the longissimus capitis?
O:Mastoid ptcoess of temporal bone
I: TVP of upper thoracic vertebrae
what is the orienation and insertion of the longissimus cervicis?
O: TVP of thoracic spine
I: Posterior tubercles of cervical vertebrae
what is the orientation and insertion of the longissimus thoracis?
O: Common tendon of Erector spinale
I: TVP of lumbar and thoracic vertebrae + all ribs following
What are the three spinalis muscles (from erector spinae intermediate intrinsic musculature)?
Spinalis capitis
Spinalis cervicis
Spinalis thoracis
Which spinalis muscle from the intermediate intrinsic musculatre of the erector spinae does not really exist?
Spinalis capitis muscle
(moves in mysterious ways)
What are the O +I of the spinalis cervicis?
O: Nuchal ligament
I: SP of C2
What is the O + I of Spinalis Thoracis?
Blends with longissimus laterally
O: SP LOWER THORACIC AND UPPER CERVICLE
I: T1-4 spinous process
