Week 4

Question 1

Cunneen, White and Richards (2015), believe
1.
2.
3.
should be analysed to better comprehend youth crime

Answer 1

1. structural
2. situational and
3. personal factors

Question 2

property offences committed by working class youth may be due to?

Answer 2

1. limited availability of adequate means

2. denial of opportunity to take part in socially acceptable activities

Question 3

Australias economic structure is divided into 3 classes according to socio-economic status-

Answer 3

• capitalists (bourgeoisie)
• small business and professional class (petit-bourgeoise)
• working class (proletariat)

Question 4

Youth unemployment and poverty are at risk of-

Answer 4

• suicide
• poor health
• erratic/irregular employment patterns
• pathological youth lifestyles

Question 5

criminals and those sent to prison are generally from _____ _______ ______

Answer 5

lower socio economic classes

Question 6

working class appear to:

Answer 6

• commit more crime and anti-social acts
• be victimised more often
• have higher levels of fear of crime

Question 7

long term unemployment results in

Answer 7

• illegal means to acquire money becoming more attractive

- becoming more willing to engage in crime

Question 8

what are the 3 possible factors embedded within the relationship between socio-economic status and crime

Answer 8

• structural
• situational and person
• social disorganisation

Question 9

According to _____, _____ and _______, “the generating force for much of … [working class] crime is subsistence or the impulse to supplement ones income relative to subsistence levels (2015, p.121)

Answer 9

Cunneen, White and Richards

Question 10

What role does the media play on youth crime

Answer 10

• demonises these struggling working class youth (folk devils)
• moral panics
• deviancy amplification (positive feedback loop)

Question 11

economic justice

social policy must be balanced against market forces by formulating appropriate policies in:

Answer 11

• Fiscal matters
• Monetary issues
• Labour market concerns

Question 12

what are the factors of a relationship between being unemployed and taking part in criminal activities?
(push factors)

Answer 12

• lack of paid work
• inadequate income levels
• poor neighbourhood amenities and dysfunctional communities

Question 13

The National Youth Participation Requirement has made it mandatory for all young people to participate in schooling until they complete Year __ and to participate until the age of __ years in full-time education, training, employment, or a combination of these activities.

Answer 13

10

17

Question 14

Low levels of social control- _______ and _____ argued that ‘the more that an area is at a disadvantaged economically pulls together as a community, the greater its capacity to combat crime” (1997)

Answer 14

Hirschfield and Bowers

Question 15

In an important New Zealand study, McLaren noted that:

Answer 15

“There are quite a few differences between the families of offenders and non-offenders

Question 16

it is arguable that there are some grounds for suspecting that intervening with families to improve;
-
-
-
may have an impact on reoffending

Answer 16

• positive communication
• positive parenting
• parenting supervision

Question 17

Borduin and Henggeler found the 2 modelling studies showed family factors predicted delinquency

Answer 17

• conventional bonding to family

- parental monitoring of children’s activities and who they mix with