Week 4-6 Flashcards
The nurse is caring for a patient with unstable angina. The laboratory result for the initial troponin I is elevated in this patient. The nurse recognises what?
a. It is only an accurate indicator of skeletal muscle injury
b. This is only an accurate indicator of myocardial damage when it reaches its peak in 24 hrs.
c. It is not an accurate indicator of anything.
d. This is an accurate indicator of myocardial injury.
e. Because the entry diagnosis is unstable angina this is a poor indicator of myocardial injury.
d. This is an accurate indicator of myocardial injury.
The nursing instructor is explaining cardiac function to the senior nursing class. The instructor explains that blood is ejected into circulation as the chambers of the heart become smaller. The instructor categorises this action of the heart as what?
a. diastole
b. terminal volume
c. systole
d. hypertension
e. ejection fraction.
c. systole.
Intracardia thrombi are especially common in what kinds of patients?
a. Those with atrial tachycardia
b. Those with ventricular fibrillation
c. Those with pulmonary oedema
d. Those with ventricular tachycardia
e. Those with atrial fibrillation.
e. Those with atrial fibrillation.
The cardiac monitor alarm alerts the critical care nurse that the patient is showing no cardiac rhythm on the monitor. When the nurse assesses the patient, she determines that the patient is experiencing cardiac arrest. In providing cardiac resuscitation documentation, how will the nurse describe this initial absence of cardiac rhythm?
a. Ventricular tachycardia
b. Asystole
c. Atrial fibrillation
d. Pulseless electrical activity (PEA)
e. Ventricular fibrillation.
b. Asystole.
You are caring for an 84-year-old male who has just returned from the operating room (OR) after inguinal hernia repair. You note the patient has fluid volume excess from the OR and is at risk for left-sided heart failure. What signs and symptoms indicate left-sided heart failure?
a. Left upper quadrant pain.
b. Bibasilar fine crackles.
c. Jugular vein distension.
d. Dependent oedema.
e. Right upper quadrant pain.
b. Bibasilar fine crackles.
You are assessing a patient suspected of having right-sided heart failure. What assessment finding may indicate right-sided heart failure?
a. Hypotension
b. Orthopnoea
c. Distended neck veins
d. Dry cough
e. Pulmonary oedema
c. Distended neck veins.
The nurse notes that a patient has developed a cough productive for mucoid sputum, is short of breath, has cyanotic hands and has noisy, moist-sounding rapid breathing. These symptoms indicate:
a. Heart failure
b. Pulmonary oedema
c. Pericarditis
d. Right ventricular hypertrophy
e. Right atrial hypertrophy
b. Pulmonary oedema
You are caring for an Ethiopian refugee who has been diagnosed with mitral valve regurgitation. You know that in developing countries the most common cause of mitral valve regurgitation is what?
a. Paracetamol overdose
b. Sepsis and its sequelae
c. An insect bite
d. Rheumatic heart disease and its sequelae
e. A decrease in gamma globulins
d. Rheumatic heart disease and its sequelae
You are caring for a patient who is scheduled to undergo a valvuloplasty to repair a defective heart valve. you would include in your patient education which priority area?
a. Long-term antibiotic therapy
b. Long-term anticoagulant therapy
c. Long-term steroid therapy
d. Patient controlled analgesia
e. Exercise program
b. Long-term anticoagulant therapy
The nurse caring for a client with acute coronary syndrome knows that the top priority in the care of this patient is what?
a. Decreasing nutritional need of myocardial muscle
b. Making sure they get a good cup of coffee
c. Balancing intake and output
d. Balancing myocardial oxygen supply with demand
e. Decreasing energy expenditure of the myocardium.
d. Balancing myocardial oxygen supply with demand
The nurse is caring for a patient who has experienced an MI. The nurse notes that there are changes in the ECG of the patient. What change on an ECG may indicate that ischaemia is occurring?
a. T-wave elevation
b. T-wave inversion
c. Q-wave changes with no change in ST or T wave
d. P-wave enlargement
e. P-wave inversion
b. T-wave inversion.
A patient with angina is beginning nitroglycerin. Before administering the drug the nurse informs the patient that immediately after administration, the patient may experience what?
a. Tinnitus
b. Drowsiness
c. Paraesthesia
d. Throbbing headache or dizzyness
e. Nervousness
d. Throbbing headache or dizzyness
The nurse knows that the blood vessel most commonly used as a source for a (coronary artery bypass graft) CABG is what?
a. Femoral vein
b. Brachial artery
c. Greater saphenous vein
d. Brachial vein
e. Femoral artery
c. Greater saphenous vein
The triage nurse in the emergency department assesses a 66-year-old male patient who presents to the emergency department with complaints of midsternal chest pain that has lasted for the last 5 hours. The nurse is aware that because of the length of time the patient has been experiencing symptoms, if they are due to a MI, what has happened to the myocardium?
a. May have developed an increased area of infarction
b. That it couldn’t be an MI, it must be reflux
c. Has been damaged already, so immediate treatment is no longer necessary
d. Will probably not have more damage than if he came in immediately
e. Can have restoration of the area of dead cells with proper treatment
a. May have developed an increased area of infarction.
During a CPR class a student in the class asks what the difference is between cardioversion and defibrillation. What would be the nurse’s best response?
a. They are identical
b. “Cardioversion is done on a beating heart, defibrillation is not.”
c. “Cardioversion is always attempted before defibrillation because it is nto as dangerous.”
d. “The difference is the timing of the delivery of the electric current.”
e. “Defibrillation is synchronised with the electrical activity of the heart, cardioversion is not.”
b. “Cardioversion is done on a beating heart, defibrillation is not.”
