Week 12 Flashcards
An adolescent, newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes, ask the nurse what caused the diabetes. What would be the nurse’s best response?
a. Part of the cause of diabetes is immunologic. That means your body is destroying itself.
b. Type 1 diabetes has a variety of causes that work together to cause the disease.
c. How would I know I’m only a nurse.
d. It is thought to be caused by environmental factors like a virus.
e. The causes of type 1 diabetes are genetic, immunological and environmental.
e. The causes of type 1 diabetes are genetic, immunological and environmental.
A 35-year-old female patient with type 1 diabetes has come to the clinic because she just doesn’t feel well. The patient confines in the nurse that she is going through a divorce and a custody battle for her children ages 2 and 4. She has started drinking and has lost her job What would the nurse suspect is causing this patient to feel poorly?
a. Hypernatraemia
b. Hypoglycaemia
c. Fluid overload d. Ketoacidosis e. Renal failure
d. Ketoacidosis
The student nurses are studying for a test on diabetes mellitus. What should the students know is a complication of diabetes termed “macro vascular”?
a. Renal failure b. Nephropathy. c. Retinopathy
d. Liver failure e. Stroke.
e. Stroke
The nurse caring for a patient with Cushing’s syndrome explains to her patient about the dexamethasone suppression test scheduled for tomorrow. What does the nurse explain that this test will involve?
a. Administration of dexamethasone IV, followed by plasma cortisol level 3 hours after the drug is administered.
b. None of them are correct.
c. Administration of dexamethasone orally, followed by a plasma cortisol level every hour for 3 hrs.
d. Administration of dexamethasone IV, followed by an x-ray of the adrenal glands.
e. Administration of dexamethasone orally at 11 pm and a plasma cortisol level at 8 am the next am.
e. Administration of dexamethasone orally at 11 pm and a plasma cortisol level at 8 am the next am.
The PACU (theatre recovery) staff has brought a patient to the unit following a thyroidectomy. To promote comfort for this patient how would you position the patient?
a. Side-lying (lateral) with no pillow under the head.
b. Head of the bed elevated 30 degrees and no pillows placed under the head.
c. Side-lying (lateral) with one pillow under the head.
d. Semi-Fowler’s with the head supported on one or two pillows.
e. Flat, with a small roll supporting the neck.
d. Semi-Fowler’s with the head supported on one or two pillows.
While assisting with the surgical removal of an adrenal tumour the operating room nurse is aware that the patient’s vital signs may change upon manipulation of the tumour. What vital sign changes would the nurse expect to see?
a. Hyperthermia and bradycardia
b. Hyperthermia and tachypnoea
c. Hypertension and heart rate changes
d. Hyperthermia and bradycardia
e. Hypotension and hypothermia
c. Hypertension and heart rate changes
The diabetes Nurse Educator is teaching a class for newly diagnosed diabetics and their families. In this class the Nurse Educator is teaching about “sick day rules”. What guideline applies to periods of illness (“sick day rules”) in a diabetic patient?
a. Eat three meals a day.
b. If nauseated, do not eat solid foods.
c. Do not eliminate insulin when nauseated and vomiting.
d. Eat small regular meals.
e. Report elevated glucose levels greater than 7 mmol/L
c. Do not eliminate insulin when nauseated and vomiting.
A patient with a diagnosis of syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) is being cared for on your unit. You are writing a care plan for this patient. The priority nursing diagnosis for a patient with this condition is what?
a. Hyperthermia b. Hypothermia
c. Excessive fluid volume
d. Hypotension e. Deficient fluid volume.
c. Excessive fluid volume
A patient has returned to the floor after having a thyroidectomy for thyroid cancer. The nurse knows that sometimes during thyroid surgery the parathyroid glands can be injured or removed. What lab finding may be an early indication or parathyroid gland injury or removal?
a. Hypokalaemia b. Hyphosphataemia
c. Hyponatraemia d. Hypocalcaemia
e. Hyperkalaemia
a. Hypocalcaemia
The nursing instructor is teaching the nurse class Addison’s disease. What symptom would the instructor teach the student’s is characteristic of Addison’s disease?
a. Truncal obesity. b. Muscle weakness
c. Hypertension d. Tetany e. “Moon” face.
b. Muscle weakness
A patient is prescribed corticosteroid therapy. What would be important information for the nurse to give the patient who is prescribed corticosteroid therapy?
a. The patient is at a decreased risk of developing thrombophlebitis and thromboembolism.
b. There will be no change in appearance.
c. The patient is at an increased risk of developing infection.
d. The patient’s diet should be low in protein with ample fat.
e. The patient is at increased falls risk.
c. The patient is at an increased risk of developing infection.
A patient has returned to the unit after having a parathyroidectomy. What drug does the nurse ensure is immediately available?
a. Ergocalciferol b. Amphojel
c. Digitalis d. Calcium gluconate
e. Calcium alginate
d. Calcium gluconate
A newly admitted patient with type 1 diabetes asks the nurse what caused her diabetes. The nurse is explaining to the patient the aetiology of type 1 diabetes. Which of the following explanations is appropriate?
a. None of them are correct
b. The tissues in the body are resistant to the action of insulin, making insulin less effective in the body.
c. Destruction of special cells in the pancreas causes a decrease in insulin production and the level of glucose in the bloodstream increases because the body lacks insulin to break down the glucose.
d. The formation of an acidic substance when the liver breaks down fatty acids because of the lack of insulin in the body.
e. The secretion of placental hormones causes the body to be resistant to insulin.
c. Destruction of special cells in the pancreas causes a decrease in insulin production and the level of glucose in the bloodstream increases because the body lacks insulin to break down the glucose.
The nurse is caring for a patient with hyperthyroidism. What would the nurse closely monitor for?
a. tetany b. Hypoglycaemia
c. Hypoxia
d. Cardiac output e. Thyroid storm.
e. Thyroid storm.
A patient who has had a total parathyroidectomy has returned to the unit from the PACU. The nurse caring for the patient knows he should assess for what complication following this surgery?
a. Tetany b. Hypercalcaemia
c. Fatigue d. Confusion
e. Brittle bones
a. Tetany
