Week 4 Flashcards
List Wilhelm Wundt’s major contributions to psychology
- voluntarism
- introspection
- ‘association and apperception’
- tridimensional theory of feeling
List William James’ major contributions to the emerging science of psychology
- functionalism
- pragmatic approach
- individualism
- pluralism
- radical empiricism
- habits
- instinct
- three part model of self
- stream of consciousness
- James lange theory of emotion
- Self esteem
How has Freudian psychoanalysis influenced modern sub disciplines of psychology?
- unconscious mental life affects conscious experience
- dynamic mind in conflict
- past experiences relate to present world
- transference during therapeutic relationships
- defence mechanisms
- observable psychological and psychosomatic symptoms can be generated by mental processes
Describe double aspect monism
The mind and body are inseparable - should talk about them as one interconnected unit.
Describe voluntarism
Psychology focuses on causal mental processes underlying and driving voluntary behaviour. Voluntary actions can still possess determinants.
List the 5 modes of apperception and association
- sensation
- perception
- idea
- association
- apperception
Describe the tri dimensional theory of feeling
Emotions can be broken down into pleasure and pain, strain and relaxation, and excitation and quiescence.
Describe functionalism
Where structuralism is the what, functionalism is the how. Looking at the development and adaptation of mental processes and experience
Describe William James’ three part model of self
- Material: possessions become connected to self
- Social: we are many things in many contexts, but rarely all at once
- Spiritual: innermost personal self and source of both effort and will to change
- Primary and secondary memory: analogous to modern sensory memory and long term memory
Consciousness is…
- personal
- continuous
- changing
- selective
- functional
Describe the James-Lange theory of emotion
- bodily changes precede experience or emotion
- stimuli prompt bodily response which prompts emotional feeling
How does James describe self esteem?
Success divided by pretensions
What did Wundt say were psychology’s main tasks?
- Discovering elements that make up consciousness
2. How these elements are integrated, and the laws that regulate their function
Hylozoism?
All physical movement involves the mind, even in non living objects
What is sensation?
A basic element of consciousness
What is perception?
Combination of sensations result in perception of object
What is an idea?
Combination of sensation with memory and past experience
What is association?
Passive combination of basic elements, informing memory or use with no underlying meaning
What is apperception?
Active combination of basic elements, marked by intelligent direction within a larger context
Describe introspection
Reflective examination of conscious thoughts and feelings, which is not necessarily purely subjective or qualitative
