Week 4 Flashcards
Two studies similr to decasper
Lecanne et al
Info fetus gets, and test see what extracted from enviro
1992, recorded male or female voice used.
Only got heart rate reduction when it’s same story AND same voice, no pref for female, in this study. Hmmm.
Conclude, kid can distinguish between male and female voices.
Then ba be, reverse or same syllable tested.
Results: reduction heart rate for same
Conclude that babies are sensitive to syllables, but could be pitch contour.
Solutions, record and splice around,
Exposure before they were born and testing them. Of rhymes
Produce sound see reaction,
Heart rate (decrease) and movement, in neonatal.
Rhyme, a or b multiple times, de asker (like cT hat study)
Looking for decrease heart rate for same story from recorded voice.
Was found, despite vocal quality and speKer were different.
Can conclude distinguish betweeen pitch contour, rhythm recognize rhyme, unsure of qualities
Info fetus gets, and test see what extracted from enviro
Contour
male female,
Rhyming.
Familiar thing reduce heart rate.
Few studies on vision
Reaction to very bright light
Newborn, vision, horrible, still developing. History more developed.
Have narrow vision like me! 40°
Color vision, not well developed, black white ok.
When born, can distinguish grey from other colors.
Grey vs blue, only comes later, yellow vs green, later.
At around 4 months is adult like. Wow.
Toy designers, need this. Tell grey, but not very other color til 4 months
How test colors baby can see,
See if they notice change in color. After given one.
Use stripes, frequency intensity controlled. Or no stripes
Tend to group things togethor that are similar. Valeo known as
Gestalt priniples. Handout
How react, time spend staring
Kids prefer novel stimuli,
Prefer differences, horizon and vert and generalize to line
Group color, see stripe
Distinguish shapes, prefer horizontal.
Novel and natural inherent bias preference, horizontal
Group squares basis of color, gestalt principle there. Maybe same for both orientations, or novelty issue mixed evidence.
See details. Too
Prefer horiz
Nd results, due to competition.
solution, to Nd, manipulate exposure time.
Know well want new
Don’t know well want familiar
Slater 1990 vision experiment
Object permanence? I
Size constancy! Clock used.
Used square boxes, newborns,
Close looked at, if same size,
Bigger on retina look at. Even if box same size.
Prefer big retinal size. If retinal size equal no dif.
With training, prefer novel if boxes are same size. Even in reverse big small size box.
Small close large far. After shown, large different distances.
Prefer small, novel
Days matter for neonates but not so much in young kis.
Ages and ranges, possible change.
Integration, of sensory inputs, matching affected.
Burton study
Link up troubles, uh oh.
Touch and vision study.
Use touch in their mouth! Use pacifier, different texture,
Show them two pictures, circle or spiky circle, nubby. Sim to pacifier. Suck look, similar, but not identical.
Saw pacifier? Controlled for.
Conclude, smooth smooth, generalize sensation in mouth to visual thing, 1 month old. Match
Simultaneous! Explanation
Steer, vision touch study (2007)
Use hand touch though,
Newborn. Touch, cylinder or triangular prism, 3d circle or triangle, elongated in space.
And nubby ones!
Hold, then see two in alternation,
In this study they look at the non-matching one
Explanation is it is sequential. Want novel. Depends on training effect. Counterbalanced.
Touch/vision + shape 15/16 prefer novel object. Suggests sensitive to difference
Steer 4 cell design
Other 3
Texture,
Vision to touch! X2
Texture
Structure exactly the same as other stude, hold see.
Are the sensitive to texture as they are to shape, yes! Reliable same for both then. Will look to novel thing still.
Must be link between sight and touch. Whether similar shape or texture.
Opposite part of design. See, then hold in sequence,,
With and without texture.
Same preference, for novelty.
But for shape non sig. Don’t know why,
Source of info different. Memory explanation?
For touch and vi soon prefer novel stimuli, sensitive to shape and texture.
Only sesitive for texture, from vision to touch. Prefer novel.
Have a link between touch and vision, asymmetrical though.
Motor development, think of
Onset,
Trajectory
Endpoint
When do certain motor skills begin
Rooting effe ex.
Kind of experience in life though effects when milestones happen. Like lying on back in crib.
Toughness of baby rough cleaning, earlier motor development.
So cross culture, difference correlation of treatment and early motor development.
Study by Bensen
Colorado, bundle up small kid, hard to move. Later onset of gross motor development,
Month on x, crawl onset times y
Trough
Those born in January crawl earlier as by time ready in June no winter clothes.
Bundling when supposed to crawls, stunts onset. Only a correlation.
Read textbook of onset times!
Milestones experience influence
Trajectory of dev.
Adolph, cause kid change one mode to another mode.
Crawl to walk, why bother walking.
Ability do other stuff like carry faster, see further, get further, imitating reach. Hear further.
Observed end stages of crawling, and begin walking. 12 months range.
Distance greater, found, walking vs crawling 300 vs 100m/h
Many more steps, more active. 1456 635 steps
Falling happening more though but even happens when crawling. Just not as much. Explore a lot more walking.
Enough to push kids from crawl to walk. Tipping point at different times.
Limitation: no idea about individual kids.
