week 4 Flashcards
a more positive E0 (standard reduction potential) means that we lose or gain electrons?
lose electrons = reductant
what’s the final electron acceptor in aerobic respiration?
oxygen
glucose is catabolized to?
pyruvate
there are how many pathway sto metabolize glucose?
3
embden pathway results in?
2 pyruvate + 2 ATP + 2NADH + 2H
- most energetically favorable
entner pathway results in?
pyruvate + G3P + NADPH + ADP + H -> precursor to building things
pentose phosphate pathway results in?
ribose 5 phosphate -> DNA/RNA
- can occur at the same time as embden or entner
what can be used to do with pyruvate, aerobically?
cleave it and make acetyl-CoA (pyruvate dehydrogenase complex)
what to do with the acetyl-CoA produced in the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex?
goes into the krebs cycle and produces lots of energy
what can be used to do with pyruvate, anaerobically?
make lactic acid or ethanol and ATP (fermentation)
proton motor force
- oxidation of glucose gathers the electrons and and protons to the ETC
- powered by the H+ conc.
- ADP + Pi -> ATP
- the motor is called an ATP synthase and is in the ETC section (last section)
in anaerobic respiration, whats different about the final electron acceptor?
- it is not O2
- it is more electronegative than O2
whats the difference btwn the cytochromes of E.coli (facultative anaerobic)?
- bo: when more O2 available bc it has a less affinity to O2
- bd : opposite
whats special about fermentation?
- it reoxidizes NADH to NAD+
- and we alr know that it makes ATP anaerobically
PMF ( proton motor force) is also used for what other purpose?
flagella rotation
whats the main difference btwn phototrophy and photosynthesis?
they both turn light into energy but photosynthesis converts it into USABLE energy
whats gluconeogenesis?
production of G6P from non-c precursors
—- imp for amino acid metabolism, acid-base balance, and synthesis of carbohydrate structural components
humans are what kind of nutritional classification?
chemolithoheterotrophs
whats the chemiosmotic hypothesis?
it’s basically the PMF
