Week 4

Question 1

What is VO2 max?

Answer 1

the maxiumum volume of oxygen that can be taken in, transported and utilised in one minute

Question 2

What is the equation for VO2?

Answer 2

VO2 = cardiac output x a.v.o2 difference

Question 3

How do VO2 max and cardiac output (Qmax) relate?

Answer 3

lower VO2 = lower Qmax

Question 4

What is the correlation between maximal cardiac otput and oxygen consumption?

Answer 4

Positive correlation

Question 5

What are the arguments for supply limitations

Answer 5

If we have greater venous return this leads to greater preload (EDV) which increases SV and therefore cardiac output and left ventricular hypertrophy

Question 6

What are the arguments for utilisation limitations?

Answer 6

A.VO2 difference contributes to higher VO2 max

Question 7

Results of Wagner’s testing to see if supply or utilisation have the biggest impact?

Answer 7

VO2 max plateaud in those with high pain thresholds
in unfit individuals extra O2 does not increase VO2 max - utilisation
In fit athletes extra O2 increases VO2 max - transport limitation - can’t get enough blood to the muscles

Question 8

How does age influence VO2 max?

Answer 8

VO2 max declines as we age as oxygen delivery is reduced - supply issue, cardiac output is reduced. Utilisation issue as reduced skeletal muscle oxidative capacity.

Question 9

How does muscle mass influence VO2 max?

Answer 9

smaller muscle mass = lower VO2 max.

Question 10

How does sex influence VO2 max?

Answer 10

femalse have a lower VO2 max, relative to body size - females smaller. Also have lower free fat mass so skeletal musce and lower haemoglobin levels so can transport less oxygen

Question 11

What is blood doping?

Answer 11

Artificially increasing blood carrying capacity for oxygen by taking blood and injecting back in only red blood cells.

Question 12

How does pulmonary ventilation infleunce VO2 max?

Answer 12

Hyperventialting at end stages of the test so limitations to VO2 as you cannot breathe in anymore oxygen.