Week 4 Flashcards
What are the three main methods of data collection
Individual depth interviews
Focus groups - in depth interview conducted with a group (discussion)
Clinical data mining - Extracting and analysing data to find patterns
Define a grounded theory
A systematic approach of data collection, coding and analysis
Generating a new understanding of the phenomena
Define ethnographic research
Observing a group of people, their cultures and rituals
Prolonged observation through participations, listening and engages in convo
Define a phenomenological study
Meaning of the lived experiences for a group of individuals
Define a narrative enquiry
Stories or accounts of events
What are the four approaches to qualitative research
Narrative enquiry
Phenomenological study
Ethnographic research
Grounded theory
Define methodological quality
Strength of research can rely on how the study was conducted
Be aware of bias a placebo is great example
Define single-case studies
One client or a number being followed as individuals not as a group over time
Individual is their own control
Hard to generalize
Define cross-sectional studies
A single group of people, with evaluation of the whole group carried out
Surveys, questionaries and interviews
Define before after studies
Evaluating a single group who receive a treatment
No control group so unable to state whether results are due primarily because of the treatment alone
Define case-controlled studies
Involve an intervention and comparison group
Retrospective
A group of people with an outcome are compared to a group without the outcome
Define quasi-experimental design
Identical to RCT but participants are not randomized to treatment groups
Lack of random can introduce bias
Difficult to make comparisons
Define researching diagnostic test
Determining the accuracy of the assessments
Testing a large sample of people with both the new diagnostic test and an established test and comparing
Define prospective cohort studies
Follow a large group of people over time
Following them into the future
Best approach for questions relating to the cause of a disease or health condition
Define a randomized controlled trial
Testing the efficacy of the interventions or determining the causes of diseases
What is the placebo effect
The expectation that a treatment will lead to an improvement may result in changes due to the brain lessening the severity of symptoms
What is the order of research methods from least effective to most
Ideas, opinions Case reports Case series Case control studies Cohort studies Randomized controlled studies Randomized controlled double blind studies
What is a prospective study
Following two groups of two treatments through time
Start with the exposure
Takes time to collect data
What is retrospective study
Looking back and in the past
Analysing existing data
Start with an outcome and tracks back to the exposure
Cheap and fast as the data is already there
Is it reliable, is there recall bias?
Define quantitative data and how it is collected?
Testing theories by analysing relationships
Often collected through descriptive, analytical and experimental studies
Define qualitative data, how it is collected and the benefits
It is a study of the nature of phenomena and is assessing complex multi-component interventions
Collected through in-depth interviews, focus groups, participant observations and ethnographic studies
They are typically cheaper, understand motivation and feelings
