Week 4 Flashcards
Who was the first person to conduct post-behaviourist attention research?
Colin Cherry
What type of task did Cherry create?
Dichotic listening task
What technical development helped advance attention research in the 1950s?
Commercially-available headphones and tape recorders
What are the two types of shadowing?
- Phrase shadowing - repeat a phrase after hearing it
- Phonemic shadowing - repeat each sound as you hear it
What are the stages of the dichotic listening task?
1) Listening and shadowing
2) Memory test
What do subjects usually remember about unattended messages?
Their sensory properties rather than semantic properties
What is the Y tube gating mechanism?
Two streams of information are trying to pass through a tube that connects them both - only one can get through at a time
Most people first process stimuli in the ____ ear because _____
- right
- the information can go directly to the left hemisphere
At what age do people perform selection attention more efficiently?
10
Who is the founder of information theory?
Claude Shannon
What was Broadbent’s first theory of attention, and what inspired it?
- Early selection
- Information theory
What are the near/far senses?
- Near: smell, taste, touch
- Far: Sight, hearing
The early-selection model does not account for _____
The fact that we can still process unattended speech
Why did Broadbent’s model have such a big impact
It inspired many other researchers to perform their own experiments and develop models to disprove his model
What is linguistic expectancy?
People use grammar rules/conventions to predict the next word in a sentence
What is the problem with the late-selection model?
Is not parsimonious - not efficient for all information to undergo semantic processing before being filtered out
Who created the intermediate-selection model?
Anne Treisman
What does the attenuator do in Treisman’s model?
Lessens signal intensity of unattended speech
What does the dictionary do in Treisman’s model?
Does partial analysis to allow important words (name, linguistic expectancy) through
The fusiform face area is in the _____
Temporal lobe
What is the name of the area active when looking at places?
Parahippocampal place area
