Week 4 Flashcards
What is Memory?
Memory is the “capacity that permits organisms to benefit from their past experiences” - Endel Tulving (1985)
What is Encoding?
A memory process involving the transformation of information to be remembered in to a form that can be stored in memory.
What is Storage?
The process of placing information in long-term memory.
What is Rehearsal?
A process that enables the individual to transfer information from the working memory to long-term memory.
What is Retrieval?
A memory process involving the search through long-term memory for information needed to perform the task at hand.
What is the Working Memory?
A system which incorporates characteristics and functions traditionally associated with sensory, perceptual, attentional, and short-term memory process.
What is Long-Term Memory?
A component system in the structure of memory that serves as a relatively permanent storage repository for information.
What are the 3 “systems” in long-term memory stated by Tulving in 1985?
Semantic Memory, Episodic Memory, and Procedural Memory.
What is Semantic Memory?
Store general knowledge about the world that has developed from our experiences.
What is Episodic Memory?
Knowledge about personally experienced events along with temporal associations.
What is Procedural Memory?
Relates specifically to storing and retrieving information about motor skills.
What is the Central Executive System?
Drives the whole system and allocates data to the other systems coordinating it with long-term memory. Also deals with cognitive tasks such as mental arithmetic and problem solving.
What are the 3 Subsystems to working memory?
Phonological Loop, Visuo-spatial Sketch Pad, and the Episodic Buffer.
What is the Phonological Loop?
Responsible for the short-term storage of verbal information.
What is the Visuo-spacial Sketch Pad?
Visually detected spatial information is stored for short periods of time.