Week 3 - Viruses Flashcards
Hepatitis A and E are transmitted mainly via _____
fecal-contaminated food and water
Hepatitis B, C and D are transmitted by ______
blood and/or sexual exposure
The most significant infectious occupational risk in the US is __________
Hepatitis B
The incubation period of HAV is ____
15-50 days
HAV is more frequently found in what population?
children and young adults
Which sub-types of hepatitis have vaccines?
HAV, HBV
HBV is spread through contact with ______
contaminated blood and body fluids
70% of those infected with HBV are contagious through which phase of infection?
convalescent
Incubation period of HBV is ____
50-180 days
HCV is transmitted by ______
exposure to contaminated blood
The incubation period of HCV is _____
20-90 days
The onset of HBV and HCV is _______
insidious
Hepatitis __ is a defective virus that requires concurrent HBV infection for development of disease
D
HEV is transmitted via _____
fecal contamination
The incubation period of HEV is ___
15-60 days
The onset of HEV, like HAV, is ____
abrupt
HCV becomes chronic ___% of the time
50%
HBV becomes chronic ___% of the time
5-10%
HIV targets the ______ as its host, which interrupts the _____
CD4 (T4) lymphocytes
cell-mediated response to antigens
HIV is transmitted via ____
exchange of body fluids - blood, semen, vaginal secretions, breast milk, can cross the placenta
Two methods to test for HIV are _______
ELISA - enzyme linked immunosorbent assay
Western Blot
___ is the end stage of HIV infection
AIDS
The official diagnosis of AIDS is _____
CD4 (T4) cell count < 200 plus one clinical condition
Which types of Hepatatis have carrier states?
HBV, HCV, HDV
