Week 3- Torso

Question 1

Curvatures of Spine

Answer 1

• Cervical
• Thoracic
• Lumbar
• Sacral
• Coccyx

Question 2

How many vertebrae in each curvature + direction of curve

Answer 2

• Cervical- 7 (anterior)
• Thoracic- 12 (posterior)
• Lumbar- 5 (Anterior)
  -Sacral - 5 fused (posterior)
• Coccyx- 2-4

Question 3

Shape of Cervical Vertebrae

Answer 3

• Spinous process short & bifed
• Small Body

Question 4

Shape of Thoracic Vertebrae

Answer 4

• SP point down
• Heart shaped Body

Question 5

Shape of Lumbar Vertebrae

Answer 5

• SP short, thick and stumpy
• Body = large

Question 6

Function of curvatures of spine

Answer 6

-allows us to move our bodies
-creates a spring

Question 7

Conditions related to curvatures of spine

Answer 7

• Scoliosis
• Kyphosis- excessive cervical curve
• Lordosis- excessive lumbar curve

Question 8

Intervertebral Disc

Answer 8

• in between vertebrae
• gelly like
• moves as we move
• shock obsorber
• made up of nucleus and annulus

Question 9

Anterior Trunk Muscles

Answer 9

• Transverse abdominus
• Internal Oblique
• Rectus Abdominus
• External Oblique

Question 10

Aponeurosis

Answer 10

-connective tissue
- muscles attach here

Question 11

Rectus Abdominus - OIA

Answer 11

O: Pubis
I: xiphoid process & costal cartilages
A: Flex trunk; compress abd

Question 12

External Oblique- OIA

Answer 12

O: lower 8 ribs
I: iliac crest & linia alba
A: Bilateral- flex trunk; compress abd
Unilateral- Lateral bending; rotate to opposite side

Question 13

Internal Oblique- OIA

Answer 13

O: iliac creas; thoracolumbar fascia
I: 10/11th ribs & aponeurosis
A: Bilateral- flex trunk; compress abd
Unilateral- lateral bending; rotation to same side

Question 14

Transverse Abdominis- OIA

Answer 14

O: iliac crest; TL fascia; last 6 ribs
I: Aponeurosis; linia albea
A: compression of abd

Question 15

Motions of Trunk

Answer 15

• Flexion
• Extension
• Hyperextension
• Lateral Bending

Question 16

How many Ribs

Answer 16

12 pairs

Question 17

3 parts of sternum

Answer 17

1. Manubrium
2. Body
3. Xiophoid Process

Question 18

Costal Cartilages

Answer 18

• joiners
  -join true ribs & false ribs to sternum

Question 19

Types of Ribs

Answer 19

1. True
2. False
3. Floating

Question 20

True Ribs

Answer 20

• 1-7
  -connect directly to sternum

Question 21

False Ribs

Answer 21

• 8-10
• indirect
• connect to costal cartiages to connect to sternum

Question 22

Floating Ribs

Answer 22

• do not connect to sternum

Question 23

External Intercostals -OIA

Answer 23

O: Superior Rib
I: Next inferior Rib
A: inpiration

Question 24

Internal Intercostals- OIA

Answer 24

O: Inferior rib
I: next superior rib
A: expiration

Question 25

Posterior Trunk muscles

Answer 25

• Erector Spinae
• Transversospinalis
• Interspinales
• Intertransversarii

Question 26

Erector Spinae Muscles

Answer 26

(intermediate)
- Ilicostalis
- Longissimus
- Spinalis

Question 27

Erector Spinae Muscles- OIA

Answer 27

O & I: SP; TP; ribs from occiput to sacrum & ilium
A: Bilateral- extend spine/head
Unilateral- laterally bend spinal column

Question 28

Transversospinalis Muscles

Answer 28

• Multifidus
• Rotatores
  -Semispinalis

Question 29

Transversospinalis Muscles- OIA

Answer 29

O: TPs
I: SP of vertebra above
A: Bilateral- extend neck & trunk
Unilateral- Rotate neck and trunk to OPPOSITE side