Week 3 test review

Question 1

Define LOAC

Answer 1

• Collection of laws governing the conduct of armed hostilities
• Derived from international treaties (i.e. Geneva Convention)
• Prohibitive: tells us what we cannot do
• Binding: if violated, US Service Mbrs potentially subjected to jurisdiction of int’l courts

Question 2

List Principles of LOAC

Answer 2

Military Necessity justifies all measures needed to defeat the enemy as quickly and efficiently as possible
Distinction who/what can we target
Proportionality how much can we damage/destroy in the attack
Unnecessary Suffering does weapon/tactic cause superfluous injury or unnecessary suffering

Question 3

Relationship between Risk to Mission and Risk to Force

Answer 3

RTM: assoc’d with ability to achieve current mission OBJs
RTF: probability of loss/damage to assets, impacting future campaigns

Inverse proportional = decrease in RTM is likely to increase RTF

Question 4

How to manage ALR

Answer 4

Accept accept risk within ALR parameters given
Transfer take action to change where/when risk is incurred; who/what incurs it
Reduce decrease consequence/probability; use MOEs/MOPs; use layered/coordinated effects and intel driven; build confidence with intel
Avoid avoid threats and hazards
Abort

Question 5

difference between SEQUENTIAL and CONCURRENT dynamic targeting

Answer 5

Sequential - one target is prosecuted independent of another

Concurrent - Decision Points (DPs) ID’d for a follow-on tgt w/in prev targets cycle

Question 5

Difference between Window of Opportunity and Vulnerability Period

Answer 5

Window of Opportunity: ID’d opps CCs can exploit to INFLUENCE THE SITUATION (POSITIVELY) can be weather or induced by friendly action (i.e. deception or jamming)

Vulnerability Period: period of time in which a TARGET IS SUSCEPTIBLE TO DAMAGE, disruption, intrusion, interference, OR OTHER DESIRABLE EFFECT

Question 6

Types of NKO that are applicable to MISRs

Answer 6

Cyber
Information Operations (IO)
Space
Electromagnetic (EM) Operations

Question 7

What term generally classifies NKE

Answer 7

D4M: Deny, Degrade, Disrupt, Destroy, Manipulate

Question 8

Know SEZ, DEZ, and AEZ ranges

Answer 8

Ship Engagement Zone (SEZ): 2 NM around ship (ellipse if multiple ships)
- Small caliber weapons

Dual Engagement Zone (DEZ): 2-5 NM around HVU
- Helos and ships coord efforts
- Fixed Wing can overfly, but not engage

Air Engagement Zone (AEZ): 5-30+ NM around HVU
- Fixed and Rotary Wing coord efforts

Question 9

Which units are capable of Maritime Air Controller (MAC) role

Answer 9

E-2
E-3
MQ-9
P-8/AAS
MH-60R
surface combatant

Question 10

Know four functions of Collection Requirement Management (CRM)

Answer 10

EVRP
Establish
Validate
Review
Prioritize

Question 11

Know four functions of Collection Operations Management (COM)

Answer 11

SSTC
Select
Schedule
Task
Control

Question 12

Name 3 validation criteria for Request for Collection (RFC)

Answer 12

Legal
Unique (not redundant)
Compliant with applicable standards
Submitted via proper channels
Feasible
Clear and Comprehensive (SIR)
Appropriate (sufficiently important) f/ ISR
Tailored for audience
Properly prioritized

Validation definition from JP 2-0:
Sufficiently important to justify dedication of intel resources; does not duplicate existing requirement; has not previously been satisfied

Question 13

What are the types of Cyber forces; what do they do

Answer 13

(CMF) Cyber Mission Force refers to the following three elements:

– (CNMF) Cyber National Mission Force: has national level mission to defend against broader cyber attacks

– (CCMF) Cyber Combat Mission Force: OPCON to USCYBERCOM (worldwide AOR)
— includes Cyber Combat Mission Teams (CCMT) most likely to integrate with this element
— Cyber Combat Support Teams (CCST)

– (CPF) Cyber Protection Force

Question 14

What is a Botnet

Answer 14

Network of compromised computers, linked by malware

Question 15

What is Malware

Answer 15

Umbrella term describing any malicious program or code

Question 16

What is a Measure of Effectiveness

Answer 16

MOE - a criterion used to assess changes in the system behavior, capability, or operational environment that is tied to measuring the attainment of an end state, achievement of an OBJ, or creation of an effect.

“Are we doing the right job?”

Measures progress towards achieving objectives.

Question 17

What is Measure of Performance

Answer 17

Criterion used to assess friendly actions that is tied to measuring task accomplishment (i.e. were the actions taken completed according to the standard?)

“Are we doing things right?”

Measures task performance

Question 18

What is Low Probability of Intercept

Answer 18

LPI - spread spectrum communications over a wide band of frequencies

Question 19

What is Low Probability of Detect

Answer 19

LPD - non-detectable comms due to a signal to noise ratio below the detecting system’s capes

Question 20

What are the different sources of HUMINT

Answer 20

Recruited Assets - assessed placement and access; continuing relationship (most reliable)

Non-recruited Sources - without placement and access; may or may not have a continuing relationship (less reliable)

Question 21

What are the type of HUMINT reports

Answer 21

Intelligence Info Report (IIR) HUMINT reporting

SPOT Report - walk-in or time-sensitive

H-TACREP - 5Ws/H; a version of IIR

Notice of Intelligence Potential (NIP) - advertisement of future collection

Question 22

What are the steps of the Joint Planning Process (JPP)

Answer 22

1 Planning Initiation
2 Mission Analysis
3 COA Development
4 COA Analysis and Wargaming
5 COA Comparison
6 COA Approval
7 Plan/Order Development

Question 23

What are COA validity criteria

Answer 23

Suitable
- Does it accomplish the mission, intent, and tasks
- Does it meet the conditions for relevant end states
- Does it take into consideration friendly and enemy COAs

Feasible
- Can the mission be accomplished w/ available time/space/resource constraints

Acceptable
- Does it contain unaccepted risk
- Does it take into account constraints, restraints, physical, and authority limitations
- Are COAs reconciled w/ external limitations (US, Int’l law, ROE, ALR)

Distinguishable
- Must be sufficiently different from other COAs in focus of main effort, scheme of maneuver, primary mechanism for mission accomplishment, task org, and use of reserves

Complete
- Does it answer the 5Ws/H

Question 24

What are the 4 T’s

Answer 24

Problem solving framework

TASKS
- What are we being tasked to do?
- What must we do to spt the CC’s intent?

TARGETS
- What must be exploited/targeted?
- How are these targets perceived by the pkg?

THREATS
- What RED/GREEN/BLUE factors could inhibit the mission or hark our forces?
- How are these risks managed?

TACTICS
- What specific actions must be conducted to fulfill CC’s intent?

Question 25

What are the core meetings of the 3-3 IPE MPC meeting flow

Answer 25

1 (DIM) Design Initiation Mtg:
- MC/MPCC digests info and formulates a plan for guidance f/ MPC
- Begin problem solving framework with focus on big picture plan, phasing, OBJs, and tactical problems

2 (MAM) Mission Analysis Mtg:
- MC presents msn OBJs, big picture plan, phasing, and tactical problems
- MC provides guidance to TLs and PCs

3 (GPSM) Game Plan Sync Mtg:
- Integrate the teams/pkgs

4 (GPAW) Game Plan Analysis and Wargaming Mtg:
- Compare BLUE plan vs RED reactions
- Develop mitigation measures vs RED
- Refine Game Plan
- Address Contingencies
- Finalize Contracts
- Conduct ROC Drill

5 (GCAM) Game Plan Comparison and Approval Mtg:
- MC presents the game plan for approval by CC
- Clearly present any deviations from CC’s guidance that require approval (i.e. ALR, RTM, RTF)

Question 26

Define each step of the F2T2EA process

Answer 26

FIND Initial detection of emerging threat

FIX Determine location of the potential target

TRACK Observe and monitor target activity and movement

TARGET Determine engagement asset and coordinate the target engagement

ENGAGE Take action against the target

ASSESS Determine if desired effects have been met