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Patient Centred Care > Week 3: Patients’ Health Needs and Rights > Flashcards

Week 3: Patients’ Health Needs and Rights Flashcards

1
Q

What is Health?

A

Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity

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2
Q

Health Means….

A
  • Physical health
  • Mental health
  • Emotional health
  • Social health
  • Absence of disease
  • A long life
  • Quality of life
  • Being safe
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3
Q

What is another terminology to be used if ‘patient’ is not relevant for a particular situation?

A

Consumer: a person who uses a health service, or someone who provides support for a person using a health service. Consumers can be patients, carers, family members or other support people

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4
Q

How does health status differ?

A
  • Higher the socioeconomic level of the household, the lower the mortality rate
  • Child mortality is highest among the poorest households
  • Indigenous mortality rates
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5
Q

What is the definition for ‘Social Determinants of Health’

A

The causes for the differences in these health outcomes between individuals and averages for populations

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6
Q

What are the differences in Health ‘Outcomes’ in Australia?

A

Indigenous Australians, people living in remote/very remote areas as well as those living in the lowest socioeconomic area are most likely to be impacted by selected chronic conditions

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7
Q

Describe the Australian Health System

A
  • One of the most affordable, accessible and comprehensive health systems in the world
  • Involves many different organisations that are often inter-connected
  • The Australian Government spent 24.3% of all taxation revenue on health in 2018–19
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8
Q

Describe chronic disease

A
  • A condition of long duration with little change in symptoms or function, or a condition with slow progression
  • Have complex & multiple causes
  • May be as a single condition, or as co-morbidities
  • Usually have gradual onset, or they can have sudden onset & acute stages
  • Many are largely preventable with modifiable risk factors
  • For patients this can result in:
    *Chronic pain
    *Emotional impact (e.g. depression, sense of hopelessness, lack of certainty)
    *Negative perceptions of HCPs
    *Loss of independence
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9
Q

What are the 10 National Health Priority Areas?

A
  1. Cancer control
  2. Cardiovascular health
  3. Injury prevention and control
  4. Mental health
  5. Diabetes mellitus
  6. Asthma
  7. Arthritis & musculoskeletal conditions
  8. Obesity
  9. Dementia
  10. Medicines Safety
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10
Q

Describe the statistics for Cardiovascular Disease in Australia

A
  • 1 in 5 Australians (22%) had cardiovascular disease in 2011–12
  • 30% of deaths associated with cardiovascular disease
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11
Q

Describe the statistics for Mental Health in Australia

A
  • Estimated 20% of adults (3.2 million people) have experienced a mental health disorder in the previous 12 months
  • 45% of Australians (7.3 million people) will experience a mental disorder sometime in their life
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12
Q

Describe the statistics for Obesity in Australia

A
  • 63% of Australian adults are overweight (2011-12)
  • Insufficient exercise is a risk factor for chronic illness
  • Nearly 3 in 5 Australian adults (57%) do not exercise enough to meet recommendations
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13
Q

Describe the statistics for Diabetes in Australia

A
  • 1 in 20 Australians (5%) had diabetes in 2011–12
  • 1 in 10 deaths associated with diabetes
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14
Q

Describe the statistics for Dementia in Australia

A
  • Progressive impairment of brain functions – memory, perceptions, social awareness, reasoning, personality
  • Currently no known cure
  • Estimated that 450,000 Australians are living with dementia
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15
Q

Describe how Chronic Diseases Contribute to Burden of Disease statistically

A
  • 1.5 times the rate of disease burden was experienced in lowest socioeconomic group compared with highest socioeconomic group
  • 2.3 times the rate of disease burden was experienced in Indigenous Australians compared with non-Indigenous Australians
  • 31% of disease burden in 2011 was preventable and due to modifiable risk factors included in the study
  • 1.7 times the rate of disease burden was experienced in very remote areas compared with major cities
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16
Q

What are the Predictions for the Future in Australia health

A
  1. Increase in prevalence of chronic diseases
  2. Increase in health costs
17
Q

What are the Healthcare Rights?

A
  1. Access
  2. Safety
  3. Respect
  4. Partnership
  5. Information
  6. Privacy
  7. Give feedback
18
Q

What are the Healthcare Rights – Guiding Principles

A
  1. Everyone has the right to be able to access health care
  2. The Australian Government commits to international agreements about human rights which recognise everyone’s right to have the highest possible standard of physical and mental health
  3. Australia is a society made up of people with different cultures and ways of life, and the Charter acknowledges and respects these differences
19
Q

What is the Cultural Safety Charter – Ngunnawal?

A
  1. Peoples’ rights
  2. Welcoming place
  3. Engage with trust & respect
  4. Provide safe services
     
20
Q

What is Informed Consent for Health Service Provision?

A
  1. Informed consent is a person’s decision, given voluntarily, to agree to a healthcare treatment, procedure or other intervention that is made
  2. Informed and documented consent should be obtained prior to undertaking health service
  3. A person must be considered of sufficient age, sufficient mental & emotional capacity to understand the nature of a health service and be able to give consent to receive treatments or procedures
21
Q

Australia faces many challenges managing Chronic Disease.
a) Select one chronic disease from the National Health Priority Areas and discuss the risk factors that might contribute to the development or exacerbation of that disease state.

b) Describe what is meant by the burden of disease for this disease state.

A

It was reported that diabetes affected 1 in 20 Australians in 2011-2012. This also led to 1 in 10 deaths associated with diabetes. The risk factors that may contribute to the development of this chronic disease are not being physically active, overweight, genetics, dietary, smoking, education and low socioeconomic group.

This can compromise quality of life, create limitations and disability for an individual. Additionally, this will impact their everyday activities and may result in other health conditions such as mental health problems.

Patient Centred Care (8 decks)

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