Week 3 part 2

Question 1

Sociocultural Theory

Answer 1

the thinking process is built from interacting with and internalizing the thoughts of more knowledgeable others

Question 2

Vygotskian Constructivism

Answer 2

knowledge is co constructed between people as they interact
- language is the most important cultural tool for cognitive development

Question 3

3 types of children’s speech

Answer 3

social speech
egocentric speech
internal speech

Question 4

Cognitive change is ___ supported by different tools which are…

Answer 4

qualitiative
Technical tools: hammer, scale, pen
Psychological tools: counting system, logic, concepts

Question 5

The zone of proximal development

Answer 5

evaluate what a child can do on their own and what they can do with a little assistance
-believed that learning takes place in a social and cultural context
-learning increases with social interactions

Question 6

Scaffolding

Answer 6

learning often precede or pushes development

Question 7

Critiques of Vygotsky

Answer 7

-not enough emphasis/respect for physical maturation or innate biological constraints on learning
- no internal mechanisms are really specified
- you can’t measure ZPD

Question 8

Major Difference between V and P

Answer 8

P:
individual
-more about mental and physical operations on objects
-universal stage theory
-readiness: cognitive structures limit what can be learned
V:
social
-lanaguage and other cultural tools ate key
-no universals- all culture
ZPD, much broader potential for learning

Question 9

Universal Stage Theory

Answer 9

children pass through stages of development in a sequence which is universal and not changed by gender or culture

Question 10

Commonalities between P and V

Answer 10

-cognitive development involves changes in abilities to represent knowledge abstractly
- both insisted that children are not passive recipients of knowledge instead knowledge must be actively constructed
-proper assessment of children’s thinking involved more than simple pencil and paper