Week 3 Paediatrics - Developmental disorders

Question 1

timmy has a short left leg and a deformed ankle. on x ray it is clear that his tibia is bowed. what does he have?

Answer 1

Fibular hemimelia

timmy has no fibula

Question 2

treatment of fibular hemimelia
conservative -
surgical-

Answer 2

• circular frame external rotation

- amputation + prosthetic replacement

Question 3

Susan is born without a thumb and needs to undergo pollicisation. what does she have?

Answer 3

Radial club hand

- absent or hypoplastic radius

Question 4

When does the injury in an obstetric brachial plexus palsy occur?
3 factors that make it more likely?

Answer 4

during vaginal delivery
big bubba = “macrosomia”
having twins
getting babies shoulder stuck “shoulder dystocia” (obvious as this is where the plexus is)

Question 5

what is Erbs palsy? what is the treatment and is it effective?

Answer 5

the most common obstetric brachial plexus palsy
affects the deltoid, supra/infraspinatus, brachialis and biceps 
physio mainly (effective) or surgery/ tendon transfer

Question 6

what nerve is affected in Erbs, and what is the effect?

Answer 6

C5 and C6

causes internal rotation of arm, and loss of motor function to the arm

Question 7

what 2 nerves are affected in klumps?
Tx ?
Expected recovery ?

Answer 7

C8 and T1
No specific treatment
Less than 50% will recover

Question 8

Hit me up with the stages of varum / valgum in development

Answer 8

varus at birth
normal at 2 years
valgus at 2.5
normal by 4-6
may be slightly physiologically valgus again by 7-9, for life

Question 9

what effect does enchondromatosis and neurofibromatosis have on knee alignment ?

Answer 9

Genu valgus!!

Question 10

what affect does blounts disease have on knee alignment? what is the Tx?

Answer 10

genu varum
resistriction of growth plate (the medial tibial physis is normally the one that stops growing, so would be the lateral one)….. and osteotomy

Question 11

what toe is most commonly affected by curly toe disease?

Answer 11

the 5th

pinky toeee

Question 12

what kind of flat foot would you have with tibialis posterior dysfunction or lig lax?

Answer 12

flexible flat foot

Question 13

what kind of flat foot would you have with inflammation, or neurological causes?

Answer 13

rigid flat foot

Question 14

By what age do valgus / varum deformities normally resolve themselves?

Answer 14

Age 10