week 3 -knee Flashcards

1
Q

What are some specific subjective
questions for the knee?

A

is there any hip or ankle pain?
Did the patient hear a pop/click at time of injury?
Does the knee give way?
Does the knee lock?
Did the knee swell? How quickly? Where is the swelling?
Age

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2
Q

What are the knee specific red flags?

A

fractured tibial plateau
osteochondritis dissercans - paeds and adolescents

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3
Q

How much knee flexion should you expect?

A

130-140 degrees

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4
Q

How much knee hyperextension should you expect?

A

0-5 degrees

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5
Q

What can the 90-90 SLR test be used to test?

A

the flexibility of the hamstring muscles

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6
Q

Name some common signs and symptoms of meniscal injuries

A

clicking or grinding
The age of onset is mostly over 50
in severe traumatic meniscal injury true locking of the knee can occur
minimal swelling compared to ligament injuries

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7
Q

What are the 3 clinical test that attempt to diagnose meniscal tears?

A

Joint line tenderness
McMurray test
Thessaly test

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8
Q

What does a positive McMurray test look like?

A

Test is considered positive if patient experiences clicking, locking or pain in the knee

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9
Q

What does a positive Thessaly test look like?

A

Test is positive if patient is complaining of pain in joint lines during rotation

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10
Q

Name some common signs and symptoms of ligament injuries

A

pain, often sudden and severe
a loud pop or snap during injury
swelling within the first 24 hours after the injury
a feeling of looseness in the joint
a feeling of the knee giving way
inability to put weight on the joint without pain, or any weight at all

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11
Q

What are the two ACL tests?

A

Lachman test
Anterior Drawer test

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12
Q

What does a positive Lachman test look like?

A

Positive if experience soft or mushy end feel or if the anterior translation of the tibia of the injured leg is at least 3mm greater compared to the uninjured leg

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13
Q

What does a positive anterior drawer test look like?

A

Test is positive if the tibia translates anteriorly more than 6mm or if you experience a soft and mushy end feel

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14
Q

What is the name of the PCL test?

A

Posterior drawer test

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15
Q

What does a positive posterior drawer test look like?

A

Test is positive if tibia translates posteriorly more than 6mm or if you experience a soft and mushy end feel

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16
Q

What is the name of the test for MCL?

A

Valgus stress test

17
Q

What is the name of the test for the LCL?

A

Varus stress test

18
Q

What is the test for patellofemoral pain?

A

Clarke’s sign

19
Q

How do you diagnose patellofemoral pain?

A

First exclude other pathologies
diagnostic criteria:
-presence of retropatellar or peripatellar pain
- reproduction of retropatellar or peripatellar pain during squatting, or other functional activities loading the PFJ in a flexed position