Week 3 - Foot and Ankle

Question 1

What are the 26 bones in the foot?

Answer 1

7 tarsals
5 metatarsals
14 phalanges (only 2 in halux)

Question 2

What are the implications of fallen arches

Answer 2

Poor propulsion
Flexible
Good shock absorption

Question 3

What are the implications of high arches

Answer 3

Rigid
Poor shock absorption
Good propulsion

Question 4

What is the plantar fascia?

Answer 4

Web like structure of ligaments connected to the calcaneous, metatarsals, phalanges and skin

Question 5

What are the articulating bones at the ankle joint?

What type of joint is it?

Answer 5

Fibia, tibula, talus

Hinge joint

Question 6

What bones articulate at the subtalar and transverse tarsal joints?

Actions produced?

Answer 6

Subtalar- gliding, talus/calcaneous
Transverse tarsal- gliding, talus/calc with navicular/cuboid

Allow eversion and inversion

Question 7

Gastrocnemius origin insertion action

Answer 7

Origin- posterior surface of femur condyls
Insertion- posterior surface of calcaneus

Action- plantar flexor

Question 8

Soleus origin and insertion and action

Answer 8

Origin- posterior surface of proximal fib and proximal 2/3 of posterior tib
Insertion- posterior surface of calcaneus

Action: plantar flexion

Question 9

Tibialis posterior origin insertion action

Answer 9

Origin- posterior surface of interosseus membrane
Insertion- under foot

Actions: plantar flexion, inversion

Question 10

Flexor digitorum longus origin insertion action

Answer 10

Origin- middle 1/3 posterior surface of tibia
Insertion- distal phalanxes of lesser 4 toes

Action: plantar flexor and inversion

Question 11

Flexor hallucis longus origin insertion action

Answer 11

Origin- middle 2/3 of posterior surface of fib
Insertion- base of halux

Actions: plantar flexion, inversion

Question 12

Extensor digitorum longus origin insertion action

Answer 12

Origin- lateral condyl of tibia
Insertion- tops of middle and distal phalanxes

Action: dorsiflexion

Question 13

Extensor halux longus origin insertion action

Answer 13

Origin- middle 2/3 medial surface of fib
Insertion- base of distal phalanx of big toe

Actions: dorsiflexion

Question 14

Tibialis anterior origin insertion action

Answer 14

Origin- upper 2/3 of lateral surface of tibia
Insertion- first metatarsal

Action- dorsiflexion

Question 15

What type of ankle sprains are most common and why?

Answer 15

Inversion because the fibula is longer so blocks movement that side