Week 3: Feminist Theorize Criminology & Week 4: Feminist Criminology: Considering Intersectionality

Question 1

Malestream Criminology

Male Centered Approaches

Answer 1

• criminological theories ignored or disregarded women
• keep men at the centre
• women “add and stir” approach

Question 2

Malestream Theories

Positivist Approach

Answer 2

Cesare Lombroso and Ferrero

- born a criminal

Question 3

Malestream Theories

Otto Pollak

Answer 3

• believed women were given shorter sentences

- periods were reminder women were not men

Question 4

Malestream Theories

Strain and Anomie Theory

Answer 4

• Albert Cohen

- women are not driven to crime

Question 5

Feminism

Definition

Answer 5

intellectual commitment (ideas) + political movement (advocacy, change)

Question 6

Feminism

Key Tenants

Answer 6

• Feminists recognize social structures and organizes the work
• Differences between sex and gender
  Biological vs socially constructed
  -Gender as a system of organizing power and privilege and oppression in the world of social stratification, patriarchy and male privilege
• Value and centralize experiences and knowledge of women
  Women are experts of their lives
  Challenge the gendered of knowledge production
  Gender inequality is not experienced in the same way
• Development of intersectional approach
• Driven by need to make social change
• There is no “right” way to achieve feminist goals

Question 7

Feminism

First Wave

Answer 7

turn of 20th century

equality about men & women

Question 8

Feminism First Wave

Issues of concern

Answer 8

• suffrage (ability/right to vote)
• marriage and divorce law reform (file for divorce)
• legal protection from violence and abuse
• access to education
• economic independence
• legal rights for women to make decisions about their bodies
• temperance

Question 9

Feminism First Wave

Theoretical Approaches

Answer 9

Liberal
Maternal
(white middle/upper class)

Question 10

Feminism

Second Wave

Answer 10

1960/70’s

Question 11

Feminism
Second Wave
Issues of Concern

Answer 11

• breaking silence / invisibility of women oppression
• gender social structure and stratification
• distinguish between sex & gender
• violence against women and connection to patriarchy and sexism
• sexual autonomy
• valuing & validating women’s experiences and knowledge

Question 12

Feminism
Second Wave
Theoretical Approaches

Answer 12

Liberal
Racial
Socialist Feminism

Question 13

Feminism

Third Wave

Answer 13

1980/90’s

Dynamic, Open, Flexible

Question 14

Feminism
Third Wave
Issues of Concern

Answer 14

• women are not homogenous group
• recognition of differences within category of ‘women’
• address feminism, patriarchy. misogyny, racism, classism
• feminism are multiple and responsive to all women
• anti-essentialist thought - gender as a social construct
• activism and strategies for change as diverse

Question 15

Approaches of Feminism

Liberal

Answer 15

achieving gender equality through political and legal reform within framework of liberal democracy

Question 16

Approaches of Feminism

Socialist

Answer 16

belief that women are unequal as a result of capitalism and class equity

Question 17

Approaches of Feminism

Postmodern

Answer 17

theory that involves radical reappraisal of modern assumptions about culture, identity, history and or language

Question 18

Approaches of Feminism

Intersectionality

Answer 18

believe that not all female experiences are the same and they should not be treated all equally

Question 19

“women in trouble”

Answer 19

complex connections between women’s violation of law and history of abuse

Question 20

“women in trouble”

examples

Answer 20

• Girl at party, older man started talking to her, he started trying to rape her and she snapped and threw a coffee table on him and stabbed him
• Another lady was raped by her dad and more sexual assaults happened and then she started writing fraudulent checks to keep her mind off of everything else