Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pharmacology Block 2 > Week 3 Drugs > Flashcards

Week 3 Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Fenoldopam

A

Diuretic- DA1 agonist

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Dopamine

A

Diuretic_ Atrial Natriuretic Peptide (ANP)
:^RBF, reduce FF–> ^ Na and water excretion
(X) ^RBF during shock

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Atriopeptin

A

Diuretic_ Atrial Natriuretic Peptide (ANP)
:^RBF, reduce FF–> ^ Na and water excretion
(X) ^RBF during shock

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Mannitol

A

Diuretic _Osmotic (IV)
^ excretion of Na, K, Cl
(X) IV prophylaxis of acute renal failure, severe edema, glaucoma
(-) volume expansion of intravascular fluid volume

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Acetazolamide

A 
Diuretic---/Carbonic Anhydrase
^ urine pH 
^ excretion of Na, K, HCO3
(reduced excr of Cl) 
(X) glaucoma- reduce aq humor
- reduce drug toxicity (acidic)
-acute altitude sickness
(-) metabolic acidosis (loss of HCO3)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Furosemide

A 
Diuretic_ Loop/High ceiling
---/ Na/K/2Cl symport
^RBF and GFR
^ excretion of Na, K, Cl, Ca
(X) rapid/short duration diuresis
- edema due to caridac, hepatic, renal disease
- acute pulmonary edema
-severe HTN episode
(-) hypo-kalemia/uricemia/glycemia
-ototoxicity, volume depletion
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Bumetanide

A 
Diuretic_ Loop/High ceiling
---/ Na/K/2Cl symport
^RBF and GFR
^ excretion of Na, K, Cl, Ca
(X) rapid/short duration diuresis
- edema due to caridac, hepatic, renal disease
- acute pulmonary edema
-severe HTN episode
(-) hypo-kalemia/uricemia/glycemia
-ototoxicity, volume depletion
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Ethacrynic Acid

A 
Diuretic_ Loop/High ceiling
---/ Na/K/2Cl symport
^RBF and GFR
^ excretion of Na, K, Cl, Ca
(X) rapid/short duration diuresis
- edema due to caridac, hepatic, renal disease
- acute pulmonary edema
-severe HTN episode
(-) hypo-kalemia/uricemia/glycemia
-ototoxicity, volume depletion
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Chlorothiazide

A 
Diuretic_ Thiazide
---/ Na/Cl Symporter
reduce GFR
hypertonic urine
^ excretion of Na, Cl, K
(X) rapid and LONG term diuresis, edema, HTN, Hypercalciuria 
(-) HYPO kalemia, uricemia, glycemia 
(O) renal failure
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Hydrochlorothiazide

A 
Diuretic_ Thiazide
---/ Na/Cl Symporter
reduce GFR
hypertonic urine
^ excretion of Na, Cl, K
(X) rapid and LONG term diuresis, edema, HTN, Hypercalciuria 
(-) HYPO kalemia, uricemia, glycemia 
(O) renal failure
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Metolazone

A 
Diuretic_ Thiazide
---/ Na/Cl Symporter
reduce GFR
hypertonic urine
^ excretion of Na, Cl, K
(X) rapid and LONG term diuresis, edema, HTN, Hypercalciuria 
(-) HYPO kalemia, uricemia, glycemia 
(O) renal failure
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Spironolactone

A 
Diuretic_ K sparing
- DISTAL tube--/ aldosterone
^ excr of Na, K excr reduced
(X) HTN, edema, 1o aldosteronism
(-) HYPERkalemia
- gynecomastia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Eplerenone

A 
Diuretic_ K sparing
- DISTAL tube--/ aldosterone
^ excr of Na, K excr reduced
(X) HTN, edema, 1o aldosteronism
(-) HYPERkalemia
- gynecomastia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Triamterene

A 
Diuretic_ Na channel inhib
^ urine volume 
^Na excr, reduced K excr
(X) + thiazide diruetic to reduce K loss , edema, HTn
(-) HYPERkalemia
azotemia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Amiloride

A 
Diuretic_ Na channel inhib
^ urine volume 
^Na excr, reduced K excr
(X) + thiazide diruetic to reduce K loss , edema, HTn
(-) HYPERkalemia
azotemia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Tissue Plasminogen Activator (tPA)

A 
Thrombolytic (Alteplase)
--->+ plasminogen 
*rapid LIVER elim (IV)
(-) hemorrhage
(X) manage ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI)- lysis of thrombi in coronary A.
- acute ischemic stroke
-acute pulmonary embolism 
(o) active bleeding, surgery, GI bleed, known hemorrhagic disorder, HTN, Pregnancy
17
Q

Alteplase

A 
Thrombolytic  (tPA)
--->+ plasminogen 
*rapid LIVER elim (IV)
(-) hemorrhage
(X) manage ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI)- lysis of thrombi in coronary A.
- acute ischemic stroke
-acute pulmonary embolism 
(o) active bleeding, surgery, GI bleed, known hemorrhagic disorder, HTN, Pregnancy
18
Q

Aminocaproic Acid

A 
PRO-Coagulation ---/ fibrinolysis
\:bind Lys of plasminogen---/ fibrin binding
(X) reverse excessive brkdown of fibrin
-reduce hemorrhage w surgery
 -UTI bleeding (concent in urine)
-hemophilia A and B
19
Q

Heparin

A 
UFH- Anti-Coagulant
NEG charge sulfated polysaccharides
^ rate of thrombin>antithrombin--/ coagulation factors 
-LIVER clearance
-IV admin= *immediate effect
(X) venous thromboembolism
(X) prophylactic to prevent^
(X) cardiopulmonary bypass
(-) Bleeding
    thrombocytopenia 
(O) recent surgery, active bleeding, HTN
20
Q

Low Molecular Weight Heparins (LMWH)

A
  1. Enoxaprin
  2. Dalteparin

–/ Factor Xa

21
Q

Enoxaparin

A 
LMWH- Anti-Coagulant
^ antithrombin---/ Factor Xa
KIDNEY clearance
IV delivery
(-) Bleeding, thrombocytopenia
(o) renal impairment, active bleeding, surgery, HTN
(X) DVT, angina and MI, hip replacement
22
Q

Dalteparin

A 
LMWH- Anti-Coagulant
^ antithrombin---/ Factor Xa
KIDNEY clearance
IV delivery
(-) Bleeding, thrombocytopenia
(o) renal impairment, active bleeding, surgery, HTN
(X) DVT, angina and MI, hip replacement
23
Q

Lepirudin

A

Direct Thrombin Inhibitor
-bind catalytic site and exosite 1 of thrombin
-KIDNEY, 1.3 hr
(-) bleeding
(o) active bleed, surgery, HTN, Renal disease
(X) alt to heparin: coronary angioplasty or cardiopulmonary bypass

24
Q

Bivalirudin

A

Direct Thrombin Inhibitor
-bind catalytic site with Phe-Pro-Arg_Pro, exosite 1 with 2nd chain
-KIDNEY, 25min
(-) bleeding
(o) active bleed, surgery, HTN, Renal disease
(X) alt to heparin: coronary angioplasty or cardiopulmonary bypass

25
Q

Fondaparinux

A 
Direct Factor Xa Inhibitor
KIDNEY, 17hr
(-) bleeding, hemorrhage
(O) active bleed, surgery, HTN, renal impairment
(X) prophylaxis of DVT w surgery
    acute PE
    acute DVT wo PE
    sub for pt with heparin-induced-thrombocytopenia (HIT)
26
Q

Protamin Sulfate

A

Heparin Antagonist
(+) POS charge–/ heparin
(-) anaphylactic reaction with bradycardia, vasodilation, hypotension, pulmonary HTN
(X) reverse heparin following cardiopulmonary bypass

27
Q

Warfarin

A 
ORAL Anti-coagulant
antagonist of Vit K ---/ VKORC1===/ activation of clotting factors (trap VitK in epoxide form)(LIVER)
-delayed onset (T1/2 of factors) 
(-) bleeding
- CYP2C9 polymorph (*2/*3= poor metab)
-VKORC1 variation
-teratogenic
-purple toe syndrome
(><) drug intxns
(O) Liver, kidney disease, vitK defic
(X)long term thomboembolitic disease 
-prophylaxis of atrial fib, prothetic heart valve, dilated cardiomyopathy
28
Q

Dabigatran

A

NOAC(Novel Oral Anti-coagulant)
bind thrombin (free and fibrin-bound) —/ thrombin effects
(><) Pgp exported
KIDNEY elimn
(X) post-op thromboprophylaxis
-prophyl- stroke and systemic embolism in non-valvular atrial fib

29
Q

Rivaroxaban

A

NOAC(Novel Oral Anti-coagulant)
Direct Factor Xa inhibitor—/ conversion of prothrombin>thrombin
KIDNEY (1/3) and LIVER (2/3) elim
Pgp efflux
(-) bleeding
(X) reduce risk of stroke and systemic embolism
-prophyl of DVT w surgery

30
Q

Aspirin

A 
Anti-Platelet 
IRREVERSIBLE---/ COX1 
(-) GI sxs
(X) acute/prophyl MI
- acute/prophyl ischemic stroke
-unstable angina
-pre-eclampsia prophyl
31
Q

Dipyridamole

A

Anti-Platelet
—/PDE= ^cAMP=vasoDILATOR
(-) headache, GI upset, dizziness
(X) prevent thromboemboli in prosthetic heart valve

32
Q

Ticlopidine

A

Anti-Platelet (IRREVERSIBLE)
—/ADP bind to P2yR
prodrug> CYP2C19> active*
(-) bleeding, dyspnea, neutropenia

33
Q

Clopidogrel

A 
Anti-Platelet (IRREVERSIBLE)
---/ADP bind to P2yR
prodrug> CYP2C19> active*
(-) bleeding, dyspnea, neutropenia
(O) CYP2C19 inhibitors (proton-pump inhib)
(X) unstable angina, NSTEMI
34
Q

Prasugrel

A 
Anti-Platelet (IRREVERSIBLE)
---/ADP bind to P2yR
prodrug> CYP> active*
(-) bleeding, dyspnea, neutropenia
(X) reduce thrombotic CV with NSTEMI, STEMI, PCI
35
Q

Ticagrelor

A 
Anti-Platelet (reversible)
---/ADP bind to P2yR
prodrug> active*
(-) bleeding, dyspnea, neutropenia
(X) +aspirin prevent thrombotic events with UA, NSTEMI, STEMI, PCI, coronary artery bypass graft
36
Q

Abciximab

A

Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa-R blocker
Fab (monoclonal Ab) bind FbIIb/IIIa to prevent fibrinogen binding and cross-link of platelets
NON-competitive
(-) bleeding, thrombocytopenia, HoTN, bradycardia
(X) prevent thrombosis w coronary interventions

37
Q

Eptifibatide

A 
Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa-R blocker
---/ fibrinogen cross-linking 
COMPETITIVE --/ GPIIa/IIIa-R
(-) bleeding, thrombocytopenia, HoTN, Bradycardia
(O) renal dysfunction
(X) unstable angina w MI

Pharmacology Block 2 (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions